Motor pathways Lufukuja G..

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Presentation transcript:

Motor pathways Lufukuja G.

Rubrospinal Tract The red nucleus is situated in the tegmentum of the midbrain at the level of the superior colliculus. The axons of neurons in this nucleus cross the midline at the level of the nucleus and descend as the rubrospinal tract through the pons and medulla oblongata to enter the lateral white column of the spinal cord. The fibers terminate by synapsing with internuncial neurons in the anterior gray column of the cord. Lufukuja G.

Rubrospinal Tract… Lufukuja G.

Rubrospinal Tract… The neurons of the red nucleus receive afferent impulses through connections with the cerebral cortex and the cerebellum. This is believed to be an important indirect pathway by which the cerebral cortex and the cerebellum can influence the activity of the alpha and gamma motor neurons of the spinal cord. The tract facilitates the activity of the flexor muscles and inhibits the activity of the extensor or antigravity muscles. Lufukuja G.

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Vestibulospinal Tract The vestibular nuclei are situated in the pons and medulla oblongata beneath the floor of the fourth ventricle. The vestibular nuclei receive afferent fibers from the inner ear through the vestibular nerve and from the cerebellum. The inner ear and the cerebellum, by means of this tract, facilitate the activity of the extensor muscles and inhibit the activity of the flexor muscles in association with the maintenance of balance Lufukuja G.

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Unilateral face, arm, leg paralysis (Hemiplegia) Without sensory loss (Hemiplegia) With sensory loss Lufukuja G.

Paraplegia Paraplegia is an impairment in motor or sensory function of the lower extremities. The area of the spinal canal that is affected in paraplegia is either the thoracic, lumbar, or sacral regions. If all four limbs are affected by paralysis, tetraplegia or quadriplegia is the correct term. If only one limb is affected, the correct term is monoplegia. Lufukuja G.

Babinski sign From Blumenfeld, 2002 Lufukuja G.