Matter and Density

Density Density is a measure of the ratio that compares the mass of an object to its volume Density= mass/volume Given in grams/ mL Example A piece of metal has a mass of 10.2 grams and displaces 10.0 mL of water to 15.6mL what is the density of the metal? density = mass/volume density=mass/ (Vfinal-Vinitial) d= 10.2 g/(15.6mL-10.0mL) d= 10.2g / 5.6 mL d= 1.82 g/mL

All substances have a unique and individual density. Think oil and water Why does oil “float” on water?

Density Density=Mass / Volume By rearranging the equation I get… Mass= Density x Volume Volume = mass/ density

Properties of Matter Matter that has a uniform and unchanging composition is called a substance Examples of substances Water (H2O) Salt (NaCl) Baking soda (NaCO2H)

Physical Properties of matter Physical property is one that can be observed or measured without changing the samples composition Physical properties Color State of matter Melting point Boiling point Density Taste Odor Hardness

Does not depend on the amount present, is constant Intensive Extensive Does not depend on the amount present, is constant Density Melting/ boiling point (m.p/b.p) State of matter Depends on the amount present Mass Length Volume

Chemical properties of matter Chemical property of matter is the ability of a substance to combine or change into one or more other substances Also the ability to not react with another substance Chemical properties Changes color when combined with another substance Gas released when combined with another substance Changes state of matter when combined with another substance

Chemical reactions

States of Matter SOLID LIQUID GAS has a definite shape and volume, particles are tightly packed, can not be compressed into a smaller volume LIQUID has a definite volume, but takes the shape of its container, particles are not rigidly held but able to move past each other GAS conforms to the volume and shape of its container, takes up the entire volume of the container, particles are not tightly packed

States of matter

Gas is a compound or element that is a gas at room temperature Vapor Gas is a compound or element that is a gas at room temperature Ex Air is a gas A vapor is the gaseous state of a substance that is solid or liquid at room temperature Ex. Steam is water vapor