© 2006 Turin Networks, Inc. All Rights Reserved 1 Building the Next-Generation Converged Services Infrastructure Ralph Santitoro Director of Product Line Management 24 October 2006

© 2006 Turin Networks, Inc. All Rights Reserved 2 What problem are you trying to solve? All Services over a Common Network Infrastructure All services over an Ethernet Transport Network Network needs to support Ethernet services and TDM services Different ways to implement – each having pros and cons Different approaches to take depending upon which problem you want to solve Converged Services Infrastructure

© 2006 Turin Networks, Inc. All Rights Reserved 3 Converged Transport Technology Choices IEEE 802.1ad (Provider Bridges / QinQ) IEEE 802.1ah (Provider Backbone Bridges) Provider Backbone Transport (PBT) Ethernet over SONET/SDH Ethernet over MPLS (Pseudo wires)

© 2006 Turin Networks, Inc. All Rights Reserved 4 Converged Transport Technology Choices - Ethernet Transport IEEE 802.1ad (Provider Bridges / QinQ) Most commonly implemented Ethernet service delivery technology S-VLAN ID (S-VID) used to identify 4095 services Uses customers MAC address for forwarding RSTP or MSTP for protection/restoration IEEE 802.1ah (Provider Backbone Bridges) I-SID used to identify 16M services B-VLAN ID (B-VID) used to identify backbone tunnel RSTP or MSTP for protection/restoration Provider Backbone Transport (PBT) Backbone tunnels (working and protected) identified via globally unique 60 bit B-VID+Destination MAC address Can use GMPLS to pre-provision protected tunnel Disables Ethernet control plane (BPDUs) Can use GMPLS (g-LSPs) as control plane for simplified tunnel provisioning RSVP-TE for CAC for deterministic QoS and BW management

© 2006 Turin Networks, Inc. All Rights Reserved 5 Converged Transport Technology Choices - SONET/SDH Transport Uses 802.1ad (S-VID) or 802.1ah (I-SID) for service identification Uses VCAT and LCAS for bandwidth on demand Dynamic resizing of SONET/SDH VC containers Can use RSTP/MSTP or SONET/SDH APS for protection Can use GMPLS to pre-provision or calculate protected path/tunnel Uses GMPLS (g-LSPs) as control plane for simplified end-to- end path/tunnel provisioning RSVP-TE for CAC for Ethernet packet services for deterministic QoS and BW management Simultaneously supports TDM services MSPPs today support Switched Ethernet and EPL Services over SONET/SDH GMPLS provides the common control plane for Ethernet and TDM services

© 2006 Turin Networks, Inc. All Rights Reserved 6 Service Types and Requirements A look at the services and converged infrastructure performance requirements

© 2006 Turin Networks, Inc. All Rights Reserved 7 Converged Services Transport Business, Government, Education E-Line (EPL, EVPL), E-LAN, TDM Voice and Private Lines ResidentialTriple-Play Ethernet P2P and P2MP Ethernet Virtual Connections (EVCs) ISPTSPVSP WirelessBackhaul DS1s/E1s and PDHoE (PWE/CESoP) WSP Converged Services Transport Network

© 2006 Turin Networks, Inc. All Rights Reserved 8 Services to support over Converged Transport Network – Residential Services Unicast Services Telephone service Internet Access (Basic/Premium HS) Per View VoD Network-based Personal Video Recorder Multicast Services IPTV (Standard and High Definition) IPTV and VoD are all about total user control

© 2006 Turin Networks, Inc. All Rights Reserved 9 Transport Network Topology Considerations for Triple Play Services Internet Access and VoIP Each subscriber has unicast stream to ISP and TSP, respectively Video on Demand (VoD)/Movies on Demand (MoD) Each viewer watches different personalized unicast video stream Metro network needs bandwidth for each unique VoD stream P2P or Tree-based network topology are optimal Broadcast IPTV Many viewers watch live multicast video streams simultaneously Metro transport network needs to replicate the multicast TV stream Ring or Tree-based based network topologies are optimal only one copy of TV stream (channel) need be sent If offering IPTV plus other Triple Play services, Ring or Tree topologies are best suited

© 2006 Turin Networks, Inc. All Rights Reserved 10 Access Multiplexer (CMTS, PON, DSLAM or Power Line Head End) ISP VSP (VoD/MoD) TSP VSP (IPTV) IPTV Service P2MP EVCs Telephony Service Internet Access Service VoD/MoD Service P2P EVCs Triple Play Service Transport Options 802.1Q VLAN ID can identify subscriber or service If typical customer subscribes to 3 to 5 services 802.1Q VLAN ID would support ~800 subscribers per Access Mux DSL, PON, HFC Power line 802.1Q 802.1ad (QinQ) 802.1ah/PBT B-VLAN, MPLS LSP or GMPLS g-LSP PBB/PBT, MPLS or SONET/SDH

© 2006 Turin Networks, Inc. All Rights Reserved 11 Services to support over Converged Transport Network – Business, Govt. and Education Services Ethernet Private Line and Ethernet Internet Access Pipe service most commonly implemented over SONET/SDH Ethernet VPNs EVPL and E-LAN Can implement over Ethernet, MPLS and SONET/SDH Legacy services PBX PRI Trunks T1/E1 Private Lines Require PDHoE to implement over Ethernet or MPLS Transported unaltered over SONET/SDH

© 2006 Turin Networks, Inc. All Rights Reserved 12 Converged Services Transport – Wireless Backhaul Requirements Cell site traffic backhauled via DS1s and E1s Transport network bundles TDM circuits into SONET/SDH hierarchy Cell sites migrating to Ethernet to lower TDM backhaul costs Cell site PDH output converted to Ethernet (PDHoE) by CPE device Transport network transports TDM pseudo wire to MSPP MSPP decomposes pseudo wire back into TDM circuits Business Case is compelling 6 DS1s per cell $500/month/DS1 = $36K/year per cell site Replace with 10Mbps Ethernet ~$800/month = $9.6K/year WirelessBackhaul DS1/E1 and PDHoE (PWE/CESoP) PSTN Internet MSPP Converged Services Transport Network (SONET/SDH, Ethernet or MPLS) WSP

© 2006 Turin Networks, Inc. All Rights Reserved 13 Multiservice Transport Network Service Management Requirements Fault Isolation Need to determine if the fault is in the Ethernet Service Layer or Transport Layer Need to be able to troubleshoot: Ethernet Service, end to end (Service Continuity Check) End-to-end path and local interconnections QoS Performance Monitoring (PM) Need to measure/report at service level and transport level: Delay, Delay Variation and Loss Goodput and Throughput Required for Service Level Objectives specified in SLA

© 2006 Turin Networks, Inc. All Rights Reserved 14 Converged Services Transport Technology Magic Quadrant Some Many Deployments Technology Maturity Early StagesMature PBT (GMPLS) PBB EoMPLS (PWE) EoS/EoSDH (VCAT/LCAS/GMPLS) Potential PB (QinQ)

© 2006 Turin Networks, Inc. All Rights Reserved 15 Summary Several Technology Choices for converged services infrastructure The technology choice depends upon your service mix today and how it is changing Ethernet is becoming the ubiquitous service delivery technology Ethernet as a networking technology Dominates the LAN, metro aggregation and many metro core networks Many obstacles to overcome before it can dominate long haul and first mile networks

© 2006 Turin Networks, Inc. All Rights Reserved 16 Turin Networks is a supplier of packet optimized multiservice switching platforms. Turin has helped more than 300 customers worldwide transition their SONET/SDH networks to high growth Ethernet E-Line, E-LAN and Triple Play services over a multiservice converged transport infrastructure.