Elements, Compounds, Mixtures Classifying Matter Elements, Compounds, Mixtures

Remember.. Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space

Classify In order to classify matter more specifically, you must ask yourself: “Can it be separated by a physical process?”

Classify If the answer is NO, then the sample of matter is a: Pure Substance

Classify Pure substances can be either elements or compounds To classify pure substances more specifically, you must ask yourself… “Can it be separated by a chemical process?”

Classify If the answer is NO, then the sample of matter is an: Element

Element An element is one or more of the same type of atoms Basically, if it’s on the periodic table, and it’s the only substance present, it’s an element

Element Examples: Nitrogen, Oxygen, Aluminum, Hydrogen

Classify If the answer is YES, it can be separated by chemical means, then the sample of matter is a: Compound

Side Note… Molecule: any 2 or more atoms chemically combined (put together) Cl H H Cl H H O

Side Note: Compound: any 2 or more atoms of different elements chemically combined (put together) H H Na O Cl

Let’s try making some molecules and compounds…

Classify Compound: any two or more atoms of different elements chemically combined (put together) Basically, if all that is in a sample of matter is one kind of compound, it’s a compound

Compound Examples: Water, Sodium Chloride, Carbon Dioxide, Hydrochloric Acid, Sulfuric Acid

Classify Back to the first question: “can it be separated by a physical process?” If the answer is YES, then the sample of matter is a: Mixture

Mixture Mixture: A sample of matter in which 2 or more types of substances are physically mixed, not chemically combined (put together)

Classify To classify a mixture more specifically, you must ask yourself: “does the mixture have uniform composition throughout?”

Classify If the answer is YES, then the sample of matter is a: Homogeneous Mixture

Homogeneous Mixture Homogeneous: Uniform composition throughout the sample of matter Basically, if it is a mixture, and it looks the same throughout the whole thing, then it is a homogeneous mixture.

Homogeneous Mixture Examples: Air, Salt Water, Brass, Sugar Water

Classify If the answer is NO, the sample of matter does not have uniform composition throughout, then it is a: Heterogeneous Mixture

Heterogeneous Mixture Heterogeneous: no uniform composition throughout the sample of matter Basically, if it is a mixture, and clearly two or more separate things, it is a heterogeneous mixture

Heterogeneous Mixture Examples: A pocket full of pennies and quarters, A few marbles in a glass of water, An aquarium with fish in it, Oil and water

Let’s identify some matter…