Cell Structure and Function Chapter 4 Cell Structure and Function

Anton van Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723) __________ A Dutch trader - Invented the first microscope First to observe living cells ______________ _________________

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____ ____ How does a cell’s shape affect the cell’s function?

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Levels of Cellular Organization ______ __________ _____ _______

The Cell Cell – Smallest, basic unit of life Organelles – Intracellular bodies that perform specific functions for the cell. ___________________________ ___________

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Cell Membrane/Plasma Membrane Function:________________________________________________ Structure: Has a ________________ made up of proteins and lipids.

Cytoplasm Cytoplasm Function: All cell contents that lie between the cell membrane and the nucleus. (organelles + cytosol) a. Cytosol =______________________________ Structure:___________________________________________

Nucleus Function:____________________________________ Structure: membrane bound, contains DNA

Nuclear Envelope Function:____________________________________ Structure: Double Layer of Lipids

Nucleolus Function:_____________________________________ Structure: Inside Nucleus, separate from DNA

Ribosomes Function: ______________ Free Ribosomes Function: ______________ Structure: small circular organelles

Endoplasmic Reticulum Rough ER Smooth ER Function: _________________________ Rough ER: ________________________ Smooth ER: _______________________ Structure: tubes and channels

Lysosomes Function:_____________________________________________ Structure: Small membrane-bound organelles

Peroxisomes Peroxisome Function:_________________________________________________________________________________ Structure: Small membrane-bound organelles

Mitochondria Mitochondria Function: ____________________ – site of cellular respiration. “The Powerhouse” ATP - adenosine triphosphate 2. Structure: Double membrane-bound, kidney shaped.

Golgi Apparatus (Body) Function:______________________________________ Structure: Pancake-shaped layered organelle

Cytoskeleton Function:_____________________________________ Microfilaments Microtubules Function:_____________________________________ ____________ Structure: Tubules

Centrioles Function: microtubules that _____________________________ Structure: Tubules

Cilia & Flagella Function:_____________________________________ Structure: Flagella – 1 long fiber Cilia – many short fibers

Vacuoles & Vesicles Function:____________________________________ Structure: small membrane-bound organelle.

Plastids Function:__________________________________ Structure: Hollow sac surrounded by double membrane and contains own DNA

Chloroplasts Function:___________________________________________ Structure: Membrane bound organelles that contain chlorophyll

Cell Wall Function:______________________________________ Structure: Made of cellulose