The Hadith of Gabriel – Revision task for Islam Practices Task 1 – Stick in the Gabriel hadith in the centre of a double page of your book and read through once yourself. Highlight any terms that you do not understand. Task 2 – Who is in the story? A. Who is God’s messenger? B. Who is the Author? C. How is ‘the man’ described? D. Who did Muhammad (PBUH) say that the man/visitor was? Answers: A. Muhammad (PBUH) B. Umar ibn al-Khattab (HISTORY - He succeeded Abu Bakr (632–634) as the second caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate on 23 August 634. He was an expert Muslim jurist known for his pious and just nature, which earned him the epithet Al-Farooq ("the one who distinguishes (between right and wrong)"). C. A man with white clothing and black hair. Even though he was walking towards them in the desert he did not have any sand on him ‘no marks of his journey’. D. Angel Gabriel – he was visiting Muhammad (PBUH) to test him on is faith and understanding. Task 3 - Annotate the hadith using the “helpful statement” cards and images. EXT – What extra detail can you add? Answers: 1A 2B 3C 4I 5D 6E 7F 8G 9H

Umar ibn al-Khattab said: One day when we were with God's messenger, a man with very white clothing and very black hair came up to us. No mark of travel was visible on him, and none of us recognized him. Sitting down before the Prophet, leaning his knees against his, and placing his hands on his thighs, he said, "Tell me, Muhammad, about submission.“ He replied, 'Submission means that you should bear witness that there is no god but God and that Muhammad is God's messenger, that you should perform the ritual prayer, pay the alms tax, fast during Ramadan, and make the pilgrimage to the House if you are able to go there.“ The man said, "You have spoken the truth." We were surprised at his questioning him and then declaring that he had spoken the truth. He said "Now tell me about faith." He replied, "Faith means that you have faith in God, His angels, His books, His messengers, and the Last Day, and that you have faith in the measuring out, both its good and its evil." Remarking that he had spoken the truth, he then said, "Now tell me about doing what is beautiful.“ He replied, "Doing what is beautiful means that you should worship God as if you see Him, for even if you do not see Him, He sees you." Then the man said, "Tell me about the Hour" The Prophet replied, "About that he who is questioned knows no more than the questioner.“ ….. Then the man went away. After I had waited for a long time, the Prophet said to me, "Do you know who the questioner was, 'Umar?" I replied, "God and His messenger know best. "He said, "He was Gabriel. He came to teach you your religion. " Umar ibn al-Khattab said: One day when we were with God's messenger, a man with very white clothing and very black hair came up to us. No mark of travel was visible on him, and none of us recognized him. Sitting down before the Prophet, leaning his knees against his, and placing his hands on his thighs, he said, "Tell me, Muhammad, about submission.“ He replied, 'Submission means that you should bear witness that there is no god but God and that Muhammad is God's messenger, that you should perform the ritual prayer, pay the alms tax, fast during Ramadan, and make the pilgrimage to the House if you are able to go there.“ The man said, "You have spoken the truth." We were surprised at his questioning him and then declaring that he had spoken the truth. He said "Now tell me about faith." He replied, "Faith means that you have faith in God, His angels, His books, His messengers, and the Last Day, and that you have faith in the measuring out, both its good and its evil." Remarking that he had spoken the truth, he then said, "Now tell me about doing what is beautiful.“ He replied, "Doing what is beautiful means that you should worship God as if you see Him, for even if you do not see Him, He sees you." Then the man said, "Tell me about the Hour" The Prophet replied, "About that he who is questioned knows no more than the questioner.“ ….. Then the man went away. After I had waited for a long time, the Prophet said to me, "Do you know who the questioner was, 'Umar?" I replied, "God and His messenger know best. "He said, "He was Gabriel. He came to teach you your religion. " 1 1 2 3 2 4 3 5 4 5 6 6 Hadith sheets for books. Taken from: https://www.islamicity.org/5740/the-hadith-of-Gabriel 7 7 8 8 9 9

Shahadah Key belief in Islam Monotheism TawhidIman “Salah is a prescribed duty that has to be performed at the given time by the Qur’an” – 4:103 “Prostrate and draw near to Allah” – 96:19 This is said in the baby’s ear when it is born and when a person dies. Muslims will also hear it daily as it is part of the Adhan. Jummah prayers are prayers that happen on Friday’s. They are the most important prayer of the week and last the longest. They take place at noon. The Khatib (Imam) delivers a sermon (Khutbah). In Muslim countries this is paid to the Islamic government and they distribute it. In Non-Muslim countries, like the UK, it could be collected by the Mosque during Ramadan or be given to benefit local Muslims. Salah – Pray 5 times a day Call to prayer (Muezzin calls from the Minaret) Take off your shoes Ritual Washing/Ablution/ Wudu Clear your mind so that you can show the right intention (Niyyah) and attention to prayer Cover the head: Men – Topi (Prayer hat) Women – Hijab (Scarf). Muslims must find the direction of Makkah (East). This shows unity and community (Ummah) The Iqamah may be called. This is the signal that prayer has started. Muslims will perform a Rak’ah. This involves raising their hands, standing, bowing and sinking to their knees. Muslims then turn their heads right to left to acknowledge other worshippers and their guardian angels. Some benefits of giving: Shares Allah’s blessings Money for welfare Brings love to the heart Improves Lives It is what God wants This is when Muslims fast during Ramadan. This is the month when Muhammad (PBUH) received the first revelation of the Qur’an (The Night of Power). Fasting – “Nothing to pass the lips” It is believed those who hoard wealth, gold and silver they will be punished (9:34) All wealth is on loan from Allah. When Muslims pay Zakah it is done in secret. Only God knows what has been given. This is 2.5% and should be given as it allows Muslims to purify their wealth. It is only paid by adults and worked out through a Nisab. Muslims are encouraged to give to charity but this is not part of Zakah tax. This is called Sadaqah – it is not a pillar of Islam. Sadaqah can be given to anyone at any time. “Be steadfast in prayer and giving” – 2:110 This is Hajj. Muslims must enter the state of Ihram. This means embracing the pilgrimage by wearing plain white cloth and promising not to harm other living beings and behave an equal whilst on the pilgrimage. Performing Tawaf – Muslims will circle the Ka’aba seven times together. Muslims then drink water from the ZamZam well. They do this to remember Hagar and Ismael’s struggle to find water in the desert. They may dip some cloth in the water that they wish to be buried in later. Al-Safa and Al-Marwa - These are the two hills that remind them of Hagar’s struggle. Mount Arafat is the mount of mercy – Muslims perform ‘Wuquf’ here. They stand from noon to sunset meditating, praying and asking for forgiveness. In the even they listen to a sermon. Muzdalifah – Muslims will camp together. They collect pebbles here for the next day. Mina – Muslims throw stones at 3 Jamarat which represent Abraham being told to pelt Shaytan in the desert. Eid-ul-Adha – Sheep and Goats are sacrificed to remember Abraham’s sacrifice of the sheep instead of his son Ismael. Return to Makkah – Muslims complete Tawaf again and after every tawaf perform 2 rak’ahs. Iman = Faith God is unseen. There is not a being alive or dead who has seen him. The Hour – this is referring to Judgement day Even Muhammad (PBUH) could be tested. Muslims understand that their faith is difficult and open to struggle (Jihad).

A B A B Shahadah Key belief in Islam Monotheism TawhidIman “Salah is a prescribed duty that has to be performed at the given time by the Qur’an” – 4:103 “Prostrate and draw near to Allah” – 96:19 This is said in the baby’s ear when it is born and when a person dies. Muslims will also hear it daily as it is part of the Adhan. Jummah prayers are prayers that happen on Friday’s. They are the most important prayer of the week and last the longest. They take place at noon. The Khatib (Imam) delivers a sermon (Khutbah). In Muslim countries this is paid to the Islamic government and they distribute it. In Non-Muslim countries, like the UK, it could be collected by the Mosque during Ramadan or be given to benefit local Muslims. Salah – Pray 5 times a day Call to prayer (Muezzin calls from the Minaret) Take off your shoes Ritual Washing/Ablution/ Wudu Clear your mind so that you can show the right intention (Niyyah) and attention to prayer Cover the head: Men – Topi (Prayer hat) Women – Hijab (Scarf). Muslims must find the direction of Makkah (East). This shows unity and community (Ummah) The Iqamah may be called. This is the signal that prayer has started. Muslims will perform a Rak’ah. This involves raising their hands, standing, bowing and sinking to their knees. Muslims then turn their heads right to left to acknowledge other worshippers and their guardian angels. Some benefits of giving: Shares Allah’s blessings Money for welfare Brings love to the heart Improves Lives It is what God wants This is when Muslims fast during Ramadan. This is the month when Muhammad (PBUH) received the first revelation of the Qur’an (The Night of Power). Fasting – “Nothing to pass the lips” It is believed those who hoard wealth, gold and silver they will be punished (9:34) All wealth is on loan from Allah. When Muslims pay Zakah it is done in secret. Only God knows what has been given. This is 2.5% and should be given as it allows Muslims to purify their wealth. It is only paid by adults and worked out through a Nisab. Muslims are encouraged to give to charity but this is not part of Zakah tax. This is called Sadaqah – it is not a pillar of Islam. Sadaqah can be given to anyone at any time. “Be steadfast in prayer and giving” – 2:110 This is Hajj. Muslims must enter the state of Ihram. This means embracing the pilgrimage by wearing plain white cloth and promising not to harm other living beings and behave an equal whilst on the pilgrimage. Performing Tawaf – Muslims will circle the Ka’aba seven times together. Muslims then drink water from the ZamZam well. They do this to remember Hagar and Ismael’s struggle to find water in the desert. They may dip some cloth in the water that they wish to be buried in later. Al-Safa and Al-Marwa - These are the two hills that remind them of Hagar’s struggle. Mount Arafat is the mount of mercy – Muslims perform ‘Wuquf’ here. They stand from noon to sunset meditating, praying and asking for forgiveness. In the even they listen to a sermon. Muzdalifah – Muslims will camp together. They collect pebbles here for the next day. Mina – Muslims throw stones at 3 Jamarat which represent Abraham being told to pelt Shaytan in the desert. Eid-ul-Adha – Sheep and Goats are sacrificed to remember Abraham’s sacrifice of the sheep instead of his son Ismael. Return to Makkah – Muslims complete Tawaf again and after every tawaf perform 2 rak’ahs. Iman = Faith God is unseen. There is not a being alive or dead who has seen him. The Hour – this is referring to Judgement day Even Muhammad (PBUH) could be tested. Muslims understand that their faith is difficult and open to struggle (Jihad). A B B A B C C I C C C C D H E F G