Combined stentless mitral valve implantation and radiofrequency ablation Thomas Walther, MD, Volkmar Falk, MD, Claudia Walther, MD, Beate Krauss, MD, Gerd Hindricks, MD, Hans Kottkamp, MD, Martin Kostelka, MD, PhD, Anno Diegeler, MD, PhD, Rüdiger Autschbach, MD, PhD, Friedrich W Mohr, MD, PhD The Annals of Thoracic Surgery Volume 70, Issue 3, Pages 1080-1082 (September 2000) DOI: 10.1016/S0003-4975(00)01787-2
Fig 1 Intraoperative radiofrequency ablation of atrial fibrillation. Surgical view after opening the left atrium, cranial is left. Contiguous left atrial lesion lines are induced from the posterolateral mitral valve annulus to the left lower pulmonary vein (LLPV), to the left upper PV (LUPV), to the right upper PV (RUPV), to the right lower PV (RLPV), and to the atriotomy. (App. = left aftrial appendages; MV = mitral valve). The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2000 70, 1080-1082DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(00)01787-2)