Sun Exposure: What Molecular Photodermatology Tells Us About Its Good and Bad Sides  Jean Krutmann, Akimichi Morita, Jin Ho Chung  Journal of Investigative Dermatology  Volume 132, Issue 3, Pages 976-984 (March 2012) DOI: 10.1038/jid.2011.394 Copyright © 2012 The Society for Investigative Dermatology, Inc Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 The arylhydrocarbon receptor in human keratinocytes mediates the DNA damage–independent part of the UVB stress response. AhR, arylhydrocarbon receptor; ARNT, AhR nuclear translocator; COX2, cyclooxygenase-2; CYP1, cytochrome P450 1; ERK, extracellular signal–regulated kinase; FICZ, formylindolo-3,2b-carbazole; Hsp90, heat-shock protein 90; MEK, mitogen-activated protein/extracellular signal–regulated kinase. Journal of Investigative Dermatology 2012 132, 976-984DOI: (10.1038/jid.2011.394) Copyright © 2012 The Society for Investigative Dermatology, Inc Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Infrared (IR) A radiation–induced retrograde signaling in human skin fibroblasts. ERK, extracellular signal–regulated kinase; MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase; MMP-1, matrix metalloproteinase; ROS, reactive oxygen species. Journal of Investigative Dermatology 2012 132, 976-984DOI: (10.1038/jid.2011.394) Copyright © 2012 The Society for Investigative Dermatology, Inc Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 The subcutis is a target tissue for solar radiation. MCP-3, monocyte chemotactic protein-3; PPARγ, peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor-γ. Journal of Investigative Dermatology 2012 132, 976-984DOI: (10.1038/jid.2011.394) Copyright © 2012 The Society for Investigative Dermatology, Inc Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 The mode of action of phototherapy. STAT3, signal transducer and activator of transcription-3; Th17, T helper type 17; TNFα, tumor necrosis factor-α; Treg, regulatory T cell. Journal of Investigative Dermatology 2012 132, 976-984DOI: (10.1038/jid.2011.394) Copyright © 2012 The Society for Investigative Dermatology, Inc Terms and Conditions