Who gains control of China and why? Chinese Civil War Who gains control of China and why? VS

vs. Chinese Civil War (1945-1949) Mao Zedong (CCP) Chiang Kai-shek (KMT) Communists Common Name Nationalists Northern China Area controlled Southern China Soviet Union Foreign Support United States Communism Economic Policy Capitalism Strong support from peasants Public Support Support from wealthy landowners Experienced, motivate, guerilla warfare Military Organization Ineffective, corrupt, poor morale

I. Truce During WW II A. During WWII US gave $1.5 billion to Nationalists to fight Japan, most of this money is wasted or “stolen” & Mao’s forces did most fighting II. Mao’s People’s Army vs. Chiang’s Nationalist Army A. US gives additional $2 billion to help Nat’s beat Communists 1. Nationalists winning at first but China’s economy worsens, Chinese people upset w/ Nationalists 2. Nat’s troops begin defecting to People’s Liberation Army (PLA) B. By 1949, Mao controls most of China C. Chiang & what is left of his army flee to Taiwan

III. People’s Republic of China vs. Republic of China A. US upset over loss of China, helps Chiang set up a govt on Taiwan 1. Chiang & US say legit gov of China is Taiwan “Republic of China” B. Mao signs a friendship treaty with Soviet Union 1. Mao & USSR say legit govt of China is “People’s Republic of China” C. UN can’t recognize Mao’s “People’s Republic of China” as legitimate IV. Mao Expands China A. 1950: PLA invades Tibet. Mao promises self rule, but forces Tibet into communism. 1. Tibetans protest, Mao’s PLA crushes protest. Dalai Lama flees. B. 1950: China invades Inner Mongolia and annexes it

1. Mao gives private land to the peasants V. Life in Mao’s China A. Domestic Policy (1951) 1. Mao gives private land to the peasants a. One mill. landowners killed who resist 2. Mao nationalizes all businesses B. Great Leap Forward (1958-1961) 1. Large collective farms are formed a. Poor planning results in a famine that kills 20 million people Let 1000 flowers bloom C. Nuclear Age (1964) 1. Mao’s govt successfully tests a nuclear weapon – upset Soviets won’t share tech D. Cultural Revolution (1966-1976) 1. Need to create more social equality 2. Red Guards form, HS & college students who were loyal to Mao a. Red Guards terrorize & re-educate those with an advantage(esp. intellectuals)

Voices From the Past: The Red Guards, China’s Teenage Police Force How did many adults react to Mao after the Great Leap Forward? Mao began to recruit who and what did they want to eliminate? What was Mao’s “bible” called? Who do the Red Guards go after and what were some of their reasons? When did Mao finally turn against the Red Guards and how did it affect China?

Identify people, words & objects. Identify symbols, what do they represent? What is cartoonist saying about Mao’s programs?

Identify people, words & objects. Identify symbols, what do they represent? What is cartoonist saying about Mao’s cultural revolution?