Chapter 20 The Niphal

Qal Recognition All verb forms up to this point have been assumed to be qal verb forms This is what you’ve been learning!

Qal Exegetical significance Simple active – “John preached the word.” Fientive vs. stative Fientive – Describes an action (John preached…) Stative – Describes a state of being (John is afraid).

Niphal Exegetical significance Simple passive – Subject receives the action “The food was eaten” The most common function Reflexive – Subject is both the actor and recipient of the action “The heavens opened”

Niphal Conjugation – Recognition Keys Perfect – Prefixed נ

Niphal Conjugation – Recognition Keys Imperfect – Niphal triangle

Niphal Conjugation – Recognition Keys Imperfect – Niphal triangle

Niphal Conjugation – Recognition Keys Imperfect – Niphal triangle – Gutturals affect the vowel pointing

Niphal Conjugation – Recognition Keys Imperative – Prefixed ה with niphal triangle

Niphal Conjugation – Recognition Keys Participle – Always passive; same as niphal 3ms except the pathach is a qamets 3ms Pass. Ptc.

Niphal Conjugation – Recognition Keys Infinitive construct – Same as imperative mas sg, but normally w/ a preposition Impv. 2ms Inf. Con.

Niphal Conjugation – Recognition Keys Infinitive absolute – Niphal triangle or prefixed נ (careful about the impf. 1cp)

Bottom Line Niphal – Normally simple passive, but also reflexive Niphal recognition keys for each kind of verb – Perfect, imperfect, imperative, participle, infinitive construct, infinitive absolute

לָקַ֥ח אֹתוֹ֖ אֱלֹהִֽים׃ Parsing לָקַ֥ח אֹתוֹ֖ אֱלֹהִֽים׃ Qal-Perfect-3ms (Gen. 5:24)

נִפְתְּחוּ֙ הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם Parsing נִפְתְּחוּ֙ הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם Niphal-Perfect-3cp (Ezek. 1:1)

כִּ֣י׀ יִמְלְא֣וּ יָמֶ֗יךָ Parsing כִּ֣י׀ יִמְלְא֣וּ יָמֶ֗יךָ Qal-Impf-3cp (2 Sam 7:12)

בִּ֥י נִשְׁבַּ֖עְתִּי נְאֻם־יְהוָ֑ה Parsing בִּ֥י נִשְׁבַּ֖עְתִּי נְאֻם־יְהוָ֑ה Niphal-Perfect-1cs (Gen. 22:16)

Parsing תִּשְׁמַ֥ע Qal-Impf-3fs or 2ms

Parsing תִּשָּׁמֵ֑רוּ Niphal-Impf-2mp

Parsing הַכֹּתְבִ֖ים Qal-ptc-mas-pl

Parsing הִלָּקַח Niphal-Impv/Inf Con-2ms/none

Parsing אָֽמְרוּ Qal-Perfect-3cp

Parsing תִּנָּשֶׂאנָה Niphal-Impf-3fp/2fp

Parsing אָכ֖וֹל Qal-Inf abs

Exercise 8

Exercise 8

Exercise 8

Exercise 8

Exercise 8

Exercise 8

Exercise 8

Exercise 8

Exercise 8

Exercise 8

Exercise 8

Exercise 8