Binding energy Electric potential energy => Nuclear Binding energy ( a mass loss! ) What is the energy change that occurs when constituent particles come.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

7: Atomic and Nuclear Physics 7.3 Nuclear reactions, fission and fusion.

Advertisements

Properties of nucleus 26.2 Binding energy and mass defect. UNIT 26 : NUCLEUS is defined as the central core of an atom that is positively charged.

7: Atomic and Nuclear Physics 7.3 Nuclear reactions, fission and fusion.

Nuclear Physics Lesson 13

Binding Energy Binding Energy per Nucleon. Binding Energy The term binding energy is used to indicate the energy that would be required to form an atom.

Nuclear Binding Energy

Nuclear Physics Nucleus: –nucleons (neutrons and protons) bound together. –Strong Force binds nucleons together over short range (~ m) –Nuclide:

Nuclear Binding, Radioactivity Physics 1161: Pre-Lecture

Nuclear Physics E = mc 2. Outline Theory of Special Relativity Postulates E = mc 2 The Atom What makes up the atom? What holds the atom together? Quantum.

Aim: How can we explain Einstein’s energy-mass relationship? Do Now: In the nucleus of any atom, there exists protons that are tightly packed together.

Universal Mass Unit The universal mass unit is used to describe the mass of an atom as 1/12 the mass of a carbon-12 atom. This is used because when you.

Nuclear Physics Developed by Mr. D. Patterson.

Physics Nuclear Physics: Binding Energy Science and Mathematics Education Research Group Supported by UBC Teaching and Learning Enhancement Fund

Nuclear Physics Physics 12. Protons, Neutrons and Electrons  The atom is composed of three subatomic particles: Particle Charge (in C) Symbol Mass (in.

Nuclear notation and Binding energy Contents: Atomic notation Isotopes Whiteboard Binding Energy AMU Making an atom Calculating binding energy Whiteboards.

Nuclear Forces How do you keep a bunch of Protons together?

Nuclear Physics and Radioactivity

Topic – Physics 2a Mass defect and binding energy Prior learning Atomic structure Electrical forces Key words –Atomic nucleus,mass difference, mass of.

Nuclear Physics Nucleus: –nucleons (neutrons and protons) bound together. –Strong Force binds nucleons together over short range (~ m) –Nuclide:

NUCLEAR MASS AND ENERGY Physics 12. Clip of the day:  Minutephysics…on Einstein and uncertainty principle 

Nuclear Stability Notes

Lecture 1 & 2 © 2015 Calculate the mass defect and the binding energy per nucleon for a particular isotope.Calculate the mass defect and the binding.

Energy (J) 299,792,458 m/s Mass (Kg) Speed of Light Squared.

Physics 12 Mr. Jean May 20th, 2014 The plan: Video clip of the day Question #1 –Visiting the Relatives Binding energy Energy Deflection Mass and energy.

Nuclear Radiation 9.2. The Nucleus Protons and neutrons Charge of electrons and protons – x C = e –Proton +e –Electron -e.

Inorganic Chemistry May 12, Describe how the strong force attracts nucleons Relate binding energy and mass defect Predict the stability of a nucleus.

Nuclear Reactions and Radioactivity Part II

NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY THE ULTIMATE IN SPONTANEITY. Review Atomic number (Z) – number of protons Mass number (A) – sum of the protons and the neutrons Nuclides–

Binding energy sketch the variation of binding energy per nucleon with nucleon number. explain what is meant by nuclear fusion and nuclear fission. explain.

5.3.4 Nuclear Fission and Fusion. (a) select and use Einstein’s mass–energy equation ΔE = Δmc 2.

Question 1 (Activity 12A, page 207) Do now: Paraire, 29 Kohi-tātea 2016 Use Einstein’s mass-energy equivalence (E=mc 2 ) to analyze and explain nuclear.

1 Nuclear Stability Notes “Why do protons stay together when positive charges repel each other?” The main reason is because of a force called Strong Force.

Nuclear binding energy emre özyetiş 10-U. The binding energy is the energy required to decompose the nucleus into protons and neutrons.

Nuclear notation and Binding energy Contents: Atomic notation Isotopes Whiteboard Binding Energy AMU Making an atom Calculating binding energy Whiteboards.

Notes 42 - Topic 7 - Atomic and Nuclear Physics Artificial.

Mass and Energy E=mc 2 and all that. MASS and REST MASS In 1905 Einstein showed that the mass of a moving object, as measured by a stationary observer,

Unit 13: The nucleus of an atom We know that atoms are composed of electrons, protons and neutrons. Protons and neutrons together (i.e. the nucleus) are.

7.2 Nuclear Stability and Nuclear Reactions 2 Nuclides above the band are too large - decay by . To the left  decay occurs. Nuclides below the band.

II. The Nucleus of the Atom. What makes up the nucleus of an atom? A. Compostion (Nucleons) 1. Protons a. Mass universal mass units b. Indicated.

SACE Stage 2 Physics The Structure of the Nucleus.

Fission and Fusion Physics 12 Adv. Nuclear Particles As we discussed, the nuclear particles are composed of quarks; the individual particles are the result.

PHYS344 Lecture 7 Problem set 2 due on Wednesday the 16 th in class. Krane, Chapter 2: Problems 25, 26, 32, 33, 37, 39, 40, 41, 42 We will cover relativistic.

Nuclear Stability You should be aware that: A nucleus can be naturally unstable Instability can be induced into a nucleus – for example if we bombard.

7.2 Nuclear Stability and Nuclear Reactions

Mass of constituent parts of the nucleus:

Course Business: PHYS344 Lecture 6

Mass to Energy Energy to Mass

Atomic Structure Concepts.

Binding energy - the energy to take an atom apart

Nuclear notation and Binding energy

Nuclear Physics.

Atomic Particles Particle Charge Mass # Location Electron -1

LECTURE 9.2 – E = mc2.

Atomic Structure.

Mass and Energy.

Unit 3: Part 2 of the Atom Nuclear Chemistry

Nuclear Stability.

Foldables: Atoms Terms.

Bell Work: Radioactivity

22.1 The Nucleus Essential Questions:

Unit 2 Particles and Waves Electric Fields and Movements of Charge

Can you fully describe the working of a nuclear reactor?

NUCLEAR PHYSICS The Basics.

Nuclear Chemistry Chapter 28.

Fission and Fusion.

31.1 Structure and Properties of the Nucleus

Atomic Structure Nucleus Protons Neutrons Electrons.

Nuclear Energy Chapter 25 6/1/2019.

Nuclear Binding, Radioactivity

Unit 2 Particles and Waves Electric Fields and Movements of Charge

Presentation transcript:

Binding energy Electric potential energy => Nuclear Binding energy ( a mass loss! ) What is the energy change that occurs when constituent particles come together to create a nucleus?

Binding Energy The binding energy of the nucleus is the work done to separate the nucleus into its constituent parts When a nucleus is pulled apart then work must be done against the strong force. This energy (work) is identical to the binding energy of the nucleus. This in turn will result in a change in mass. An atomic nucleus has less mass than its constituent parts

A E Z

Calculating mass deficit Z 12 C 6 Calculating mass deficit Recall that the number of protons Z and the number of neutrons A-Z can be multiplied by the mass of a proton and neutron respectively to calculate the mass of the constituent parts. Subtracting this from the mass of the atomic nucleus will give the mass deficit. This can then be used with Einstein’s equation to find the energy change:

The electron volt eV is a unit of energy equal to the work done when an electron is accelerated through a pd of 1volt From; V = W Q W = QV but for an electron Q = e = 1.6x 10 -19 C Q1. Calculate the following in Joules: The KE of an electron accelerated through a pd of a. 1 Volt b. 1000 Volt c. 1 MV Q2. State the work done on each electron in eV for the question above. Q3. Calculate the work done (eV) on an ion of charge +2 when accelerated across 100V. Q4 What voltage is required to accelerate an electron of mass 9.1 x10-31 kg to 10% of the speed of light? c = 3 x 10 8 m/s

The electron volt eV is a unit of energy equal to the work done when an electron is accelerated through a pd of 1volt From; V = W Q W = QV but for an electron Q = e = 1.6x 10 -19 C Q1. Calculate the following in Joules: The KE of an electron accelerated through a pd of a. 1 Volt b. 1000 Volt c. 1 MV Q2. State the work done on each electron in eV for the question above. Q3. Calculate the work done (eV) on an ion of charge +2 when accelerated across 100V. Q4 What voltage is required to accelerate an electron of mass 9.1 x10-31 kg to 10% of the speed of light? c = 3 x 10 8 m/s

The electron volt eV is a unit of energy equal to the work done when an electron is accelerated through a pd of 1volt From; V = W Q W = QV but for an electron Q = e = 1.6x 10 -19 C Q. 4 Q1. Calculate the following in Joules: The KE of an electron accelerated through a pd of a. 1 Volt b. 1000 Volt c. 1 MV Q2. State the work done on each electron in eV for the question above. Q3. Calculate the work done (eV) on an ion of charge +2 when accelerated across 100V. Q4 What voltage is required to accelerate an electron of mass 9.1 x10-31 kg to 10% of the speed of light? c = 3x108 m/s KE = ½ mev2 = ½ 9.1 x10-31 x (3 x 107)2 = 4.1 x10-16 J 1.6 x10-19 J 1 eV 1.6 x10-16 J 1000 eV / by 1.6x 10 -19 C for volts 1.6 x10-13 J 1 MeV = 2560 V 200 eV

Atomic Mass Unit u The atomic mass unit u is defined as 1/12th the mass of a Carbon12 atomic nucleus. You can use this value for estimating the mass of a nucleus in the examination if you are not given the mass. Using E=mc2, u = 931.5 MeV

Nuclear Stability The binding energy per nucleon is the average energy needed to remove a nucleon from the nucleus. An increase in binding energy per nucleon means the nucleus will be more stable.

Nuclear Stability Any nucleus to the right of Iron (56) becomes more stable by getting smaller smaller (Fission) ( BE ≈ 0.5 Mev per nucleon) Any nucleus to the left of Iron (56) becomes more stable by getting bigger (Fusion) (BE ≈ 5 Mev per nucleon) ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................................................................................................

Summary The binding energy is the same as the work that would be needed to be done to separate the nucleus into its constituent parts Einstein’s formula E=mc2 can be used to calculate the mass deficit in particles according to the energy changes that occur The atomic mass unit u is an average mass of a neutron or proton in a nucleus, derived from 1/12th the mass of a carbon 12 atom The binding energy per nucleon of an isotope is a measure of it’s relative stability