MARINE INVASIVE NON-NATIVE SPECIES Name of presenter

Marine Invasive Non-Native Species Images © GB NNSS and CCW Biosecurity Training

What are Non-Native Species? Non-Native Species (NNS) are outside their normal / native range because of people. Non-native Species becoming a problem are called ‘invasive’ (INNS). NNS can also be call non-indigenous or alien species. I’m going to talk to you today/tonight about the threat from invasive non-native species, or INNS, in the marine environment and what we can do about it. I have a presentation which will take about half an hour which I hope will give you a useful insight into the world of invasive non-native species. I am happy to take questions at the end.   By the end of this short presentation I hope I will have given you not only a useful insight into the world of invasive species but also shown you that there are many actions we can all take to reduce the risk of their spread and reduce the impact of their growth. Images: Rotenone application © Matt Brazier, Environment Agency; Slipper limpet CCW; Mitten crab © GB NNSS, Zebra mussels © Crown Copyright 2009

Link to YouTube video. Requires web access and may take a minute to load and play. Here is the link in case the one within the Powerpoint doesn’t work: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EoggtzYr4Qk

Ever Increasing Invasives Invasive non-native species are increasing across the UK, both in the sea and on the land, more than 10 per cent of Great Britain’s land area or coastline now has established populations of invasive species.

Non-native Species in GB >2000 NN species (+10-12 a year) 1800 terrestrial (90%) 80 marine 60 freshwater In Britain we have over 2000 non-native species, and 10-12 new species each year Most are terrestrial, but we have a small number of marine and terrestrial species too

Non-native Species in GB 10-15% of NN species are invasive 40% freshwater 13% terrestrial 27% marine In Britain we have over 2000 non-native species, and 10-12 new species each year Most are terrestrial, but we have a small number of marine and terrestrial species too

Impacts of IAS Economic cost £1.8 billion (approx. €2.5 billion) Environmental cost Health and social impact

Economic Impact £1.7bn cost to British economy annually Likely to be a large under estimate At least £23 million annually for 7 freshwater invasive plants Annual cost of zebra mussels to industry in North America is estimated to be $5 billion and numbers are expanding in UK Early eradication of water primrose would cost £73 thousand compared to £242 million that it would likely cost if fully established as in France and Belgium Photo Credit: CCW The estimated cost across the Great Britain is £1.7 billion; big impacts in freshwater habitats. But SO WHAT?! Photos: D. vex on boat hull CCW, NE; zebra mussels in water pipe, Thames Water; used with permission Photo Credit: Natural England ‘Figures based on The Economic Cost of Invasive Non-Native Species on Great Britain, F. Williams, R. Eschen, A. Harris, D. Djeddour, C. Pratt, R.S. Shaw, S. Varia, J. Lamontagne-Godwin, S.E. Thomas, S.T. Murphy, CAB/001/09 November 2010’

Environmental Impacts of IAS E.g Didemnum vexillum Grows in huge colonies and outcompetes native species Photo Credit: CCW

Health and Social Impacts of IAS Change for hogweed Didemnum nuisance for anglers – tangles nets and equipment freshwater plants also restrict use of water bodies for angling (fishing), boating etc. Photo Credit: GBNNSS

Check Clean Dry Check boats, equipment and clothing after leaving the water for mud, aquatic animals or plant material. Remove anything you find and leave it at the site. Clean everything thoroughly as soon as you can, paying attention to areas that are damp and hard to access. Use hot water if you can. Dry everything for as long as possible before using elsewhere as some invasive plants and animals can survive for two weeks in damp conditions. This slide can we swapped out for user group specific slides GB NNSS coordinate risk assessment and rapid response plans for IAS in GB. For information on CCD and biosecurity advice for everyone can be found here: http://www.nonnativespecies.org/checkcleandry/biosecurity-for-everyone.cfm

Check Clean Dry Freshwater INNS can be small and hard to spot so are easily spread on damp equipment and clothing. Some species can survive over 2 weeks out of water if they are in damp conditions.

Reporting Report unusual sightings including photographing and recording extent and lat/long. Find out who is your of contact for INNS at your site, or speak to the site manager iRecord www.brc.ac.uk/irecord Email alertnonnative@ceh.ac.uk Put user group species slide of “what to look out for” in before this slide. And finally – report your concerns. Much like safety, encourage a reporting ethos within your group or club. Quite often you can find someone in your club with identification experience, if not report anything you can’t easily identify to alert_nonnative@ceh.ac.uk and let the experts take a look.

Biosecurity Actions When visiting a site, it’s best to arrive and depart with clean, dry equipment. Always wash down well away from the water’s edge to ensure that no residues can return to the water body. Remember, reporting INNS early can make a big difference Prevention is a lot easier than control!

Contacts GB Non-Native Species Secretariat www.nonnativespecies.org National Biodiversity Network – Distribution maps and information www.nbnatlas.org INNS Mapper – web platform to upload and view records of INNS I’d welcome any questions and if I can’t answer any of them I promise to make a note and get back to you with answers as soon as possible. RAPID LIFE: www.nonnativespecies.org/rapid

Want to know more? Find out more about invasive plants and animals and how you can help to stop the spread at: nonnativespecies.org/checkcleandry More information about the RAPID LIFE Project (including free downloads of these materials) can be found at nonnativespecies.org/rapid