ACCESSORY ORGAN NOTES
TEETH Crown and root (neck) Dentin – bonelike substance Enamel – hardest substance in the body Pulp cavity - blood vessels, nerves and connective tissue
Deciduous (baby teeth) – 20 teeth Permanent – 32 Incisors - cut Cuspids – tear and shred Molars - grind
SALIVARY GLAND Saliva – 99.5 water moistens & softens food Three pairs of glands: parotid Submandibular sublingual
Salivary amylase Digests starch in mouth
GASTRIC GLANDS Goblets cell – produce mucus Mucus – provide protective lining Chief cells – produce pepsinogen Pepsinogen – in presence of hydrochloric acid converts to pepsin
Pepsin – protein digestion in stomach Parietal cells – HCl, intrinsic factor Intrinsic factor – absorption of vitamin B12
INTESTINAL GLANDS Secrete intestinal juice Duodenal glands – alkaline mucus Enzymes in duodenum digest ALL food groups
PANCREAS Water, salts, sodium bicarbonate – neutralizes stomach acid Enzymes that digest all food types All released into duodenum
LIVER Largest internal organ Storage – glycogen, fat soluble vitamins, iron Produces bile Emulsifies (turns into fat droplets) fat Removal of drugs and hormones
GALL BLADDER Stores bile and released into duodenum