Reconstruction AP Chp. 22
Problems of Peace Jefferson Davis… Rebel leaders pardoned….
A Destroyed South
Southern Attitudes: The “Lost Cause” 1. The war was fought only for Constitutional (state's) rights 2. Slaves were loyal UNTIL Yankees lured them away 3. The South succumbed only because of larger numbers of troops and industrial capacity of the North. 4. Just because the South lost does not mean they weren't right ... someday people will realize it.
Emancipation Uneven… Status changed as armies marched in & out.. Searched for family… Formed their own churches…
Exodusters
Freedman’s Bureau Provided Organized Food Clothing Medical Care Education Organized Blacks to vote Republican
Freedman’s Bureau School
Led by Gen. Oliver Howard Successes… Failures…
Andrew Johnson – 17th President
Reconstruction Plans 10% Plan – Lincoln (1863)… Wade-Davis Bill (1864)… Andrew Johnson’s Plan (1865)…
Black Codes
Sharecropping
Congressional Concerns About Reconstruction Alexander Stephens… Republican control… Former slaves… South could have more power than before the war…
Reconstruction Amendments 13th (1865) 14th (1868) 15th (1870)
Andrew Johnson Clashes with Congress Vetoes extension of Freedman’s Bureau Vetoes Civil Rights Bill Urges South to reject 14th Amendment
Radical Republicans Take Control Charles Sumner Senate Thaddeus Stevens House
Military Reconstruction
Carpetbaggers… Scalawags… Copperheads…
“Black Reconstruction”
Ku Klux Klan 1867 - Pulaski,TN “Invisible Empire” Force Acts 1870
Johnson Clashes with Congress
Impeachment - 1868 Tenure of Office Act Johnson fires Secretary of War Edwin Stanton… House – majority votes to impeach Senate 35 guilty 19 not guilty – one vote less than 2/3 majority
“Seward’s Folly”
1868 Grant elected President 1872 Grant wins second term Scandals, scandals, financial panic 1876 presidential election is disputed…
“Compromise of 1877” Tilden “cheated” out of Presidency? Federal Troops leave south… Reconstruction ends