CSF1 secretion by melanoma cells is induced by CTL-derived cytokines

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Fig. 4 CSF1 secretion by melanoma cells is induced by CTL-derived cytokines. CSF1 secretion by melanoma cells is induced by CTL-derived cytokines. (A) Experimental setup of the coculture study analyzed in (B) and (F) to (H). Cocultures were established at a 1:1 CTL/melanoma cell ratio, unless stated otherwise. (B) Coculture experiments. CSF1 protein concentration in supernatants of melanoma cell lines after 24 hours of culture alone or in the presence of MelanA- or yellow fever virus (YF)–specific CTLs, quantified by ELISA. Four melanoma cell lines are shown. Data are means ± SD; three independent cell cultures per cell line are shown, except for T1015A, of which four independent cell cultures were analyzed for melanoma cells cultured alone or with MelanA-specific CTLs. (C and D) Transwell experiments. CSF1 expression was analyzed by flow cytometry in the melanoma cells indicated by the symbol ⊕ after 48 hours of culture with the indicated CTLs (n = 3). Pore size of the filter was 0.4 μm, allowing soluble factors to pass but not cell migration between the top and bottom chamber. MFI, median fluorescence intensity. (E) CSF1 concentration in supernatant of six different melanoma cell lines after 48 hours of culture alone, in the presence of IFNγ, TNFα, or both, quantified by ELISA. Data represent the mean of two independent cell cultures per cell line. (F) Log2-transformed, normalized expression value of CSF1 mRNA in melanoma cells after 24 hours of the indicated treatment, quantified by NanoString. Data are means ± SD, except for T1185B, of which two independent cell cultures were analyzed for melanoma cells cocultured with MelanA- or YF-specific CTLs. (G and H) Concentration of CSF1 (G) or IFNγ (H) determined by ELISA in supernatants of Me275 melanoma cells cultured as indicated for 6 to 72 hours. Data represent the mean of two independent cell cultures. (I) Matrix of scatterplots showing correlations between the expression of CSF1, IFNG, and TNF genes in the SKCM metastatic cohort (n = 369) of TCGA (46). Spearman’s correlation coefficients are indicated, and the red lines show the local regression (LOESS) fit. P, P value; n, number of samples; rho, Spearman’s correlation coefficient. Statistical analysis by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) (B to D and F) or two-way ANOVA (E, G, and H) with correction for multiple comparisons by post hoc Tukey’s test (B to H) and Geisser-Greenhouse correction (C and D). ***P < 0.001; **P < 0.01; *P < 0.05. Natalie J. Neubert et al., Sci Transl Med 2018;10:eaan3311 Published by AAAS