AIM: What is Weathering?

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Presentation transcript:

AIM: What is Weathering? Do Now – Choose one of the following pictures and describe what is/has happened. A B c E F D

the breaking down of a rock into small pieces. Weathering the breaking down of a rock into small pieces. What is changing about the object besides the shape? As Surface area increases the amount of Weathering increases

- changing the size and shape of the rock. II. Mechanical (Physical) Weathering - changing the size and shape of the rock. Abrasion: rocks hitting and smashing against each other. What is making the rocks abrade in the stream?

III. Types of Mechanical Weathering a) Frost Wedging What happens to water when it freezes? water expands when it freezes this creates pressure that cracks the rock

b) Biological Activity - organisms(plants, animals and humans) break down rocks.

changing the rocks chemical composition. forms a new material. IV. Chemical Weathering changing the rocks chemical composition. forms a new material. * Water is the most important agent.* Soluble: a material that can be dissolved by water. Acid Rain Damage

What mineral will all these acids react with? V. Types of chemical weathering Acid Rain - water combines with different elements to make acids. - this is known as Hydrolysis. - H2O + sulfur = sulfuric acid (acid rain) What mineral will all these acids react with?

Acid rain reacts with calcite and dolomite in the rocks (Limestone). This dissolves the rock creating Karst Topography (caves), stalactites and stalagmites.

b) Oxidation - Water and oxygen react with metal to create rust.

VI. Rate of Weathering A) Rock Characteristics: - Mineral composition and solubility of the rock (the minerals that make the rock) determine the rate of weathering. Granite Limestone

- amount of surface area affects the amount of weathering WHY?

- Some rocks are more resistant (harder) to weathering because of their composition (minerals). In the diagram below, which letter rock is most resistant to weathering? Hoodoo

B) Climate: - Temperature and moisture help determine the type and amount of weathering. - Chemical weathering is most effective in areas with high temperatures (heat) and abundant moisture (water).

Closure: In your Notes Slate Headstone Marble Headstone Explain the difference in weathering of the two headstones (roughly the same age). What caused the difference in weathering?

Cleopatra’s Needle 2) Describe one factor that explains why Cleopatra’s needle changed after it was brought from Egypt to New York. 1900 - Egypt Present Day - Central Park