Ecology --The Interrelationships between Organisms and their Environment

Interacting Factors – biotic and abiotic factors

Habitats –places with particular set of physical factors …..

Aquatic habitats -freshwater Running waters

Aquatic habitats - freshwater Slow moving waters

Aquatic habitats – marine_rocky

Aquatic habitats – marine_sandy

Aquatic habitats – marine_muddy

Terrestrial habitats – grassland

Terrestrial habitats – woodland_tpk

Woodland wildlife-tpk

Agricultural habitats

Microhabitats

Biome

Biosphere

Physical environment-light

Physical environment-photoperiod

Physical environment-light _affecting development of plants

Physical environment-nocturnal animals

Physical environment-wind

Physical environment_temperature _cold blooded vs warm blooded

Physical environment_temperature_warm blooded

Physical environment_temperature

Physical environment_temperature

Physical environment_oxygen _fast flowing stream

Physical environment_slow moving water_oxygen

Physical environment _oxygen_eutrophication_red tide

Physical environment_soil layers I The uppermost is called the organic horizon. It consists of detritus, leaf litter and other organic material lying on the surface of the soil. This layer is dark because of the decomposition that is occurring. This layer is not present in cultivated fields. Below is the A horizon or topsoil. Usually it is darker than lower layers, loose and crumbly with varying amounts of organic matter. In cultivated fields the plowed layer is topsoil. This is generally the most productive layer of the soil. This is the layer that soil conservation efforts are focused.

Physical environment_soil layers II The next layer is the B horizon or subsoil. Subsoils are usually lighter in color, dense and low in organic matter. Most of the materials leached from the A horizon stops in this zone. Still deeper is the C horizon. It is a transition area between soil and parent material. At some point the C horizon will give up to the final horizon, bedrock.

Physical environment_soil ecosystem

Soil ecosystem