Your house is an example of a(n) ___.

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Presentation transcript:

POP QUIZ From Last class: Answer questions on a separate sheet of paper! Hand IN Your house is an example of a(n) ___. a. biotic factor b. habitat c. niche Trees, mosses and shrubs are all examples of what type of factor? a. abiotic b. biotic c. commensalism The study of interactions between organisms and their environments is called ? a. botany b. cytology c. ecology If you work at McDonald’s, that is an example of your? a. habitat b. niche c. community A group of deer that live in a forest is an example of a? a. biosphere b. community c. population

IN 175&177 Headings Vocabulary Important Info Ecosystem Recycling IN 175&177 Headings Vocabulary Important Info

ENERGY FLOWS THROUGH ECOSYSTEM WATER—NITROGEN—CARBON—PHOSPHORUS ARE RECYCLED!!! THEY MOVE THRU A BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLE: ABIOTIC (non-living) PORTION OF ENVIRONMENT (ATMOSPHERE)  LIVING THINGSTHEN BACK AGAIN

Water Cycle CELLS CONTAIN 70-90% H20 VERY LITTLE OF EARTHS AVAILABLE H20 IS IN LIVING THINGS RIVERS / LAKES / STREAMS / OCEANS CONTAIN A BIG % ATMOSPHERE CONTAIN WATER = WATER VAPOR GROUND WATER = IN SOIL OR UNDERGROUND IN POROUS ROCK WATER CYCLE = MOVEMENT OF H20 B/T RESERVOIRS EVAPORATION TRANSPIRATION PRECIPITATION

Evaporation ADDS H20 VAPOR TO ATMOSPHERE HEAT CAUSES WATER TO EVAPORATE 90% OF EVAPORATED WATER FROM TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEM PASSES THROUGH PLANTS IN A PROCESS CALLED…

Transpiration PLANTS TAKE IN H20 THRU ROOTS RELEASE WATER & TAKE IN CO2 (CARBON DIOXIDE) ANIMALS DRINK/ EAT TO TAKE IN H20 ANIMALS RELEASE IT WHEN: BREATHING SWEATING EXCRETION

Precipitation WATER LEAVES ATMOSPHERE TEMP & AIR PRESSURE (ABIOTIC FACTORS) DETERMINE HOW MUCH WATER CAN BE HELD ONCE ATM. IS SATURATED W/VAPOR = SNOW, RAIN, SLEET, HAIL OR FOG

Carbon Cycle PHOTOSYNTHESIS + CELLULAR RESPIRATION PHOTOSYNTHESIS = PLANTS & OTHER AUTOTROPHS USE: CO2 + H20 & SUNLIGHT = CARBOHYDRATES

CELLULAR RESPIRATION PROCESS IN WHICH AUTOTROPHS & HETEROTROPHS USE OXYGEN (O2) TO BREAKDOWN CARBS. CELLS MAKE ATP (ENERGY) BY BREAKING DOWN ORGANIC COMPOUNDS A COMPOUND THAT RESULTS FROM LIVING THINGS & CONTAINS CARBON

HUMAN INFLUENCE ON THE CARBON CYCLE IN THE PAST 150 YEARS CO2 IN THE ATMOSPHERE HAS RISEN 30% ALMOST ½ IN THE LAST 40 YEARS DUE TO HUMANS ACTIVITY BURNING FOSSIL FUEL: REMAINS OF ORGANISMS THAT HAVE BEEN TRANSFORMED BY DECAY, HEAT, & PRESSURE  ENERGY RICH ORGANIC MOLECULES

BURNING RELEASES ENERGY & CO2 BURNING VEGETATION RELEASES CO2 TROPICAL RAINFOREST DESTRUCTION WITH NO PLANTS CO2 IS NOT ABSORBED

Nitrogen Cycle NITROGEN IS NEEDED TO MAKE PROTEINS & NUCLEIC ACIDS: ORGANIC MOLECULE, DNA OR RNA, THAT STORES & CARRIES IMPORTANT INFO FOR CELL FUNCTION N2 (NITROGEN GAS) MAKES UP 78% OF THE ATMOSPHERE N2 IS HOWEVER LIMITED TO AMMONIA FOR MOST LIVING THINGS

NITROGEN FIXATION CONVERSION OF N2 TO AMMONIA CERTAIN BACTERIA CAN CONVERT  NH3 = NITROGEN- FIXING BACTERIA LIVE IN SOIL & IN SOME ROOTS

Recycling Nitrogen BODIES OF DEAD ORGANISMS CONTAIN “N” URINE & DUNG ALSO DECOMPOSERS BREAK DOWN CORPSES & WASTE OF ORGANISMS GIVE OFF NITROGEN AS AMMONIA = AMMONIFICATION NITRIFICATION = BACTERIA IN SOIL TAKE IN AMMONIA & OXIDIZE IT INTO NITRITES, NO2 & NITRATES, NO3 Back into the environment

DENITRIFICATION RETURNING NITROGEN TO ATMOSPHERE PLANTS CAN ABSORB NITRATES & AMMONIA FROM SOIL ANIMALS CANNOT! ANIMALS OBTAIN IT BY EATING OTHER ORGANISMS THEY DIGEST THE PROTEINS & NUCLEIC ACIDS

SUMMARY 1. WHAT IS THE BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLE 2. WHERE DO NITROGEN-FIXING BACTERIA LIVE? WHAT CRUCIAL FUNCTION DO THEY PERFORM? 3. DESCRIBE THE ROLE OF DECOMPOSERS IN NITROGEN CYCLE? 4. HOW HAS BURNING FOSSIL FUELS AFFECTED CARBON CYCLE? 5. THROUGH WHAT PROCESS DOES MOST H20 VAPOR ENTER ATM.