Running Chi-Square in Excel Add percent columns We start by assuming there is no difference between the observed and expected values – the null hypothesis So we expect that 67.213% of each would meet standards Add the rest of the percentages to the table

Running Chi-Square in Excel The highlighted area is the actual data The expected data are below Excel will compare the actual data to the expected data and see if they are significantly different In a new cell type =chitest(

Running Chi-Square in Excel Enter the actual range of data (in the blue box), then the expected range (in the green box) This will give us a p-value If p>0.05, then we do NOT have the evidence to say the two groups are significantly different We can’t reject the null that there is no difference between the observed and expected values If p< 0.05, then we have enough evidence to indicate the two groups are significantly different We can reject the null

Ethics and the Public Service Assessment Chi-square since nominal/ordinal data for DV In Excel, create summary table Add percent column Add expected % rows Chitest(actual range, projected range) p = .2263  step 1 onground online total exceeds standards 6 7 13 met standards 31 23 54 failed to meet standards 1 38 30 68  step 2 On ground online total % exceeds standards 6 7 13 0.191176 13/68 met standards 31 23 54 0.794118 failed to meet standards 1 0.014706 38 30 68    steps 3/4 onground online total % exceeds standards 6 7 13 0.191176 met standards 31 23 54 0.794118 failed to meet standards 1 0.014706 38 30 68   expected 19.1% 7.264706 5.735294 (column total * %) expected 79.4% 24.61765 23.82353 expected 1.5% 0.558824 0.441176