THE LAWS OF LOGIC Let’s be reasonable!.

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Presentation transcript:

THE LAWS OF LOGIC Let’s be reasonable!

What is logic? Logic is the process of reasoning or thinking in order to arrive at valid conclusions. Another name is critical thinking. Everyone uses logic to solve problems Aristotle defined rules of logic

The law of identity A is A and not non-A Everything is itself Example: a tree is a tree and not a snake

The laws of logic The law of non-contradiction This is the basic law of logic A is not non-A at the same time and in the same relationship Example: I am a father and a son at the same time, but not in the same relationship

The law of causality Every effect has a cause (Not: everything has a cause) Example: Computers do not just “happen,” they are caused

The law of the excluded middle Either A or not A A statement is either true or false, not both Example: “it is raining” is either true or false