Naming Branched Chain Alkanes, Alkenes, and Alkynes

Isomers Compounds that have the same molecular formulas but different structural formulas Branches on the 1st or last C are not branches, they just extend the chain How many isomers can you draw for C6H14?

Step 1 Name longest chain Use ane for all single bonds Number so first branch comes closest to an end.

Step 2 Name the branches with a yl ending Remember to put them in alphabetical order Put the number of the C where the branches come off of.

Example CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3-CH-CH-CH-CH-CH2-CH3 CH2-CH3 CH3-CH-CH-CH2-CH3 CH3 CH2-CH3

Drawing Structures

Step 1 Draw longest chain

Step 2 Put the branches on the chain Put them on the #C given in the name

Step 3 Give the subscript to the H’s C on end get 3H C in middle with no branch get 2H C in middle with branch get H C in middle with 2 branches get no H

Examples Butane 3,4-diethyl hetpane 3,7 diethyl 8-methyl 5-propyl nonane

Alkenes and alkynes

Step 1 Name longest chain Use ane for all single bonds Use ene if there is a double bond Use yne if there is a triple bond Remember if double or triple bond, put the number of the C where the double or triple bond starts. Always number C so the double or triple bond comes closest to an end If no multiple bonds, number so first branch comes closest to an end.

Step 2 Name the branches with a yl ending Remember to put them in alphabetical order Put the number of the C where the branches come off of.

Example CH2-CH3 CH3-CH=CH-CH-C-CH-CH3 CH2-CH3 CH3

Drawing Structures

Step 1 Draw longest chain Remember to include any double or triple bonds starting on the #C in the name

Step 2 Put the branches on the chain Put them on the #C given in the name

Step 3 Give the subscript to the H’s so all C have 4 bonds C on end get 3H C in middle with no branch get 2H C in middle with branch get H C in middle with 2 branches get no H Look at double and triple bonds to determine how many H are needed by the C. No C can have more than 4 bonds.

Examples 6-ethyl 4,4-dimethyl 2-octyne 3-ethyl 2-methyl 1-hexene 3-ethyl 4-,methyl 1-pentene