Homework Solutions for Dynamics

Homework 8 Solutions

4. Without friction, the only horizontal force is the tension 4. Without friction, the only horizontal force is the tension. We apply Newton’s second law to the car: F = ma; FT = (1050 kg)(1.20 m/s2) = 1.26 x 103 N.

18. With down positive, we write ·F = ma from the force diagram for the skydivers: mg – FR = ma; (a) Before the parachute opens, we have mg – .25mg = ma, which gives a = +g = 7.4 m/s2 (down). (b) Falling at constant speed means the acceleration is zero, so we have mg – FR = ma = 0, which gives FR = mg = (120.0 kg)(9.80 m/s2) = 1176 N.

Do Now The cable supporting a 2100 kg elevator has a maximum strength of 21,750 N. What maximum upward acceleration can it give the elevator without breaking? Begin with a free body diagram.

Homework 9 Solutions

20. We find the velocity necessary for the jump from the motion when the person leaves the ground to the highest point, where the velocity is zero: v2 = vjump2 + 2(– g)h; 0 = vjump2 + 2(– 9.80 m/s2)(0.80 m), which gives vjump = 3.96 m/s. We can find the acceleration required to achieve this velocity during the crouch from vjump2 = v02 + 2a(y – y0); (3.96 m/s)2 = 0 + 2a(0.20 m – 0), which gives a = 39.2 m/s2. Using the force diagram for the person during the crouch, we can write ·F = ma: FN – mg = ma; FN – (66 kg)(9.80 m/s2) = (66 kg)(39.2 m/s2), which gives FN = 3.2 x 103 N. From Newton’s third law, the person will exert an equal and opposite force on the Ground: 3.2 x 103 N downward.

21. (a) We find the velocity just before striking the ground from v12 = v02 + 2(– g)h; v12 = 0 + 2(9.80 m/s2)(4.5 m), which gives v1 = 9.4 m/s. (b) We can find the average acceleration required to bring the person to rest from v2 = v12 + 2a(y – y0); 0 = (9.4 m/s)2 + 2a(0.70 m – 0), which gives a = – 63 m/s2. Using the force diagram for the person during the crouch, we can write ·F = ma: mg – Flegs = ma; (45 kg)(9.80 m/s2) – Flegs = (45 kg)(– 63 m/s2), which gives Flegs = 3.3 x 103 N up

Do Now A 75 kg thief wants to escape from a 3rd story jail window. Unfortunately, a makeshift rope made of sheets tied together can support a mass of only 58 kg. How might the thief use this ‘rope’ to escape? Give quantitative evidence for your answer. Start with a FBD.

Homework 11 Solutions

Note: m1g in the lower diagram should read m2g

32. (a) Because the speed is constant, the acceleration is zero. We write ·F = ma from the force diagram: FT + FT – mg = ma = 0, which gives 2FT = mg = 1/2(65 kg)(9.80 m/s2) = 3.2 x 102 N. (b) Now we have: FT’ + FT’ – mg = ma; 2(1.10)(mg) – mg = ma, which gives a = 0.10g = 0.10(9.80 m/s2) = 0.98 m/s2

Do Now An elevator in a tall building is allowed to reach a maximum speed of 3.5 m/s going down. What must the tension be in the cable to stop this elevator over a distance of 3.0 m if the elevator has a mass of 1300 kg including its occupants?

Homework 12 Solutions

Do Now: On an icy day,, you worry about parking your car in your driveway, which has an incline of 12o. Your neighbor Ralph’s driveway has an incline of 9.0o and Bonnie’s driveway across the street has one of 6.0o. The coefficient of static friction between tire rubber and ice is 0.15. Which driveway(s) will be safe to park in?

Do Now A small block of mass m is given an initial speed v0 up a ramp inclined at angle θ to the horizontal. It travels a distance d up the ramp and comes to rest. Determine a formula for the coefficient of kinetic friction between the block and ramp.