Review #3: Nationalism, Sectionalism & Expansion Pg. 20 & 21
Washington’s Farewell 1) neutrality 2) no political parties
Strict Interpretation (Construction) Loose Interpretation (Construction) Believes Constitution should be followed EXACTLY as written Ex. Anti-Federalists Believes Constitution can be INTERPRETED. (If it doesn’t specifically say you can or can’t do something…you do it anyway) Ex. Federalists
Manifest Destiny divine mission to expand boundaries to Pacific Ocean & possess the entire continent AND to spread democracy
Louisiana Purchase Territory Added: Middle section of U.S. – doubled the size of U.S. Method Used: Acquired from France (TREATY!) for $15 million dollars Results: Doubled size of U.S.; control Mississippi River & port of New Orleans; Lewis and Clark
Florida Territory Added: Florida Method Used: Acquired from Spain by Adams - Onis Treaty Results: Southerners are happy; border extended as far south as possible along the Atlantic Ocean
Texas Territory Added: Texas, parts of New Mexico, Oklahoma, Colorado, Wyoming and Kansas Method Used: Acquired from Mexico by annexation; Texas Revolution and independence from Mexico; “Remember the Alamo” Results: Texas becomes a state in 1845 (slave state) = more problems with Mexico . . .
Oregon Country Oregon, Washington, Idaho, parts of Montana, Wyoming Territory Added: Oregon, Washington, Idaho, parts of Montana, Wyoming Method Used: Polk says “Fifty-Four Forty or Fight!”; Compromise with Great Britain; continued border to 49th parallel Results: Northern border with Canada established
Mexican Cession Territory Added: California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, parts of New Mexico, Colorado, Wyoming Method Used: POLK’s expansion plan; War with Mexico (border dispute) Results: Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo; Rio Grande River is southern border for the U.S. AND California and New Mexico become part of U.S.
Gadsden Purchase Southern Arizona and New Mexico Territory Added: Southern Arizona and New Mexico Method Used: Purchased from Mexico for $15 million dollars Results: All territory of continuous U.S. claimed – from Atlantic to Pacific!
native American Removal Ordered by Jackson Went against Georgia v. Worchester Trail of Tears Land needed for expansion of US (Manifest Destiny)
Expansion of Slavery Question arises: Is this new land a slave territory or a free territory? Leads to intense conflict Civil War