Chemistry and Biochemistry JEOPARDY!!  Chemistry- Essential elements and water Biochemistry- General Biochem and Carbs Biochemistry- Lipids and Proteins Biochemistry- Proteins and Nucleic Acids Potpourri 10 20 30 40 50

The most essential elements in living organism are… 10 Chemistry- Essential Elements and Water The most essential elements in living organism are…

Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen 10 Chemistry- Essential Elements and Water Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen

20 Chemistry- Essential Elements and Water The bond that enables various water molecules to interact is called _____________.

20 Chemistry- Essential Elements and Water *Hydrogen bonds *form between the hydrogen atom of one water molecule and the oxygen atom of another.

30 Chemistry- Essential Elements and Water . What structural property of water causes it to be cohesive? Adhesive?

Cohesive- hydrogen Adhesive- Polar 30 Chemistry- Essential Elements and Water Cohesive- hydrogen Adhesive- Polar

30 Community 1

What makes something an acid? A base? 40 Chemistry- Essential Elements and Water What makes something an acid? A base?

40 Chemistry- Essential Elements and Water *Acid- pH less than 7, donates H+ to solution *Base- pH greater than 7, donates OH- to solution

What is the role of a buffer? 50 Chemistry- Essential Elements and Water What is the role of a buffer?

50 Chemistry- Essential Elements and Water *regulates pH by donating OH- to an acidic solution or donating H+ to a basic solution

What are the characteristics of carbon? 10 General Biochem and Carbs What are the characteristics of carbon?

General Biochem and Carbs 10 General Biochem and Carbs *can form up to four bonds with different atoms *can form single, double, and triple bonds *can form long chains or rings *can bind with many other atoms

What is a monomer? Polymer? 20 General Biochem and Carbs What is a monomer? Polymer?

Monomer- individual unit Polymer- made up of one or more monomers 20 General Biochem and Carbs Monomer- individual unit Polymer- made up of one or more monomers

The monomers of carbohydrates are… 30 General Biochem and Carbs The monomers of carbohydrates are…

*Monosaccharides, Glucose and Fructose 30 General Biochem and Carbs *Monosaccharides, Glucose and Fructose

Found in animal liver and muscle tissue 40 General Biochem and Carbs Found in animal liver and muscle tissue

Glycogen- Polysaccharide 40 General Biochem and Carbs Glycogen- Polysaccharide

To get energy from this molecule, you must do what? 50 General Biochem and Carbs To get energy from this molecule, you must do what?

General Biochem and Carbs 50 General Biochem and Carbs *hydrolysis- add water to convert to its monosaccharides

10 Lipids and Proteins What are the three main classes of lipids?

Simple lipids, phospholipids, and sterols 10 Lipids and Proteins Simple lipids, phospholipids, and sterols

20 Lipids and Proteins . What is this polymer? What are the monomers?

Polymer- Simple Lipid Monomers- 3 fatty acids and 1 glycerol 20 Lipids and Proteins Polymer- Simple Lipid Monomers- 3 fatty acids and 1 glycerol

What are the monomers of a phospholipid? 30 Lipids and Proteins What are the monomers of a phospholipid?

30 Lipids and Proteins Glycerol, phosphate, 2 fatty acids

What causes the tertiary level of structure of a protein? 40 Lipids and Proteins What causes the tertiary level of structure of a protein?

40 Lipids and Proteins *interactions amongst the R groups- can be either a disulfide bridge, hydrogen bond, or weak ionic bond *3D structure can either be globular or fibrous

*What level of structure does hemoglobin have? Describe it. 50 Lipids and Proteins *What level of structure does hemoglobin have? Describe it.

*quaternary- multiple polypeptide chains interacting 50 Lipids and Proteins *quaternary- multiple polypeptide chains interacting

Proteins and Nucleic Acids 10 Proteins and Nucleic Acids What determines the primary structure of a protein?

Proteins and Nucleic Acids 10 Proteins and Nucleic Acids Genes on DNA

20 Proteins and Nucleic Acids What bonds cause the secondary structure of a protein?

Proteins and Nucleic Acids 20 Proteins and Nucleic Acids Hydrogen bonds .

Proteins and Nucleic Acids 30 Proteins and Nucleic Acids What are the monomers of nucleic acids?

Proteins and Nucleic Acids 30 Proteins and Nucleic Acids Nucleotides (Consist of nitrogen base, sugar, and phosphate)

Proteins and Nucleic Acids 40 Proteins and Nucleic Acids What makes up the backbone of a nucleic acid? The middle?

Proteins and Nucleic Acids 40 Proteins and Nucleic Acids *backbone- sugar and phosphate held by covalent bonds *middle- nitrogen bases held by hydrogen bonds

Proteins and Nucleic Acids 50 Proteins and Nucleic Acids What is the function of an enzyme?

Proteins and Nucleic Acids 50 Proteins and Nucleic Acids Enzymes speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy of the reaction. *they are neither the reactants nor products in a chemical reaction (they are not used up!)

My name is Bond, Ionic Bond; Taken, not shared! 10 Cells My name is Bond, Ionic Bond; Taken, not shared!

10 Population Growth From: Mariano Cecowski <MCecowski#NoSpam.sif.com.ar> Q: if both a bear in Yosemite and one in Alaska fall into the water which one disolves faster? A: The one in Alaska because it is HIJKLMNO

10 Population Growth Alimentary: What Sherlock Holmes said to Dr. Watson. Urinate: What a nurse would say if a patient asked her what room he's in. Urine - The opposite of "You're out!" Benign: What we want when we are eight. Intestine - Currently taking an exam CARDIOLOGY: advanced study of poker playing TERMINAL ILLNESS: getting sick at the airport

10 Potpourri What part of the enzyme molds itself to specifically fit a substrate?

10 Potpourri Active site

10 Population Growth

20 Potpourri 3 important characteristics of enzymes are…

*they are very specific *efficient *highly sensitive 20 Potpourri *they are very specific *efficient *highly sensitive

30 Potpourri Below is the structure of what? What kind of reaction put this together?

30 Potpourri *a protein (polypeptide chain) *dehydration synthesis

30 Population Growth

40 Potpourri How would you know if protein is present in a solution?

40 Potpourri *Biuret test- solution turns lavender

50 Potpourri What are the four types of polysaccharides?

50 Potpourri *cellulose (makes up the cell wall of plants) *chitin (makes up the exoskeleton of fungi and arthropods) *starch (energy storage in plants) *glycogen (energy storage in animals)