Lower n+l  filled first If same n+l  lower n filled first

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Presentation transcript:

Lower n+l  filled first If same n+l  lower n filled first QUESTION: In a typical atom, which of these orbitals is filled last? A. 3p, B. 3d, C. 4s, D. 4p According to the Aufbau principle, the typical order or filling of orbitals can be determined by comparing n+l. Lower n+l  filled first If same n+l  lower n filled first Values of l: l=0 for s; l=1 for p; l=2 for d; l=3 for f Values of n+l: 3p (3+1=4), 3d (3+2=5), 4s (4+0=4), 4p (4+1=5) SCRIPT: In a typical atom, which of these orbitals is filled last? 3p.. 3d… 4s… Or 4p PAUSE CLICK According to the Aufbau principle, the typical order of filling of orbitals depends on the sum of the principal and orbital quantum numbers n and ell. Orbitals with lower n plus ell value are filled first. If two orbitals have the same n plus l value, the orbital with the the lower n value is filled first. CLICK We need to remember that orbital quantum numbers are… 0 for an s orbital 1 for a p orbital 2 for a d orbital And 3 for an f orbital. The principal quantum number is the number in the name of the orbital… N equals 3 for 3p and 3d N equals for for 4s and 4p Therefore, the values of n plus ell are: 3+1, or 4 for the 3p orbital 3+2, or 5 for the 3d orbital 4+0, or 4 for the 4s orbital And 4+1, or 5 for the 4p orbital Therefore, 3p and 4s will be filled before 3d and 4p To break the tie between 3p and 4s, we compare the n values. N=3 for the 3p and n=4 for the 4s So the 3p is filled before 4s. Similarly, 3d is filled before 4p. So the order of filling is 3p first, then 4s, then 3d, then 4p. The orbital that is filled last is 4p. We can use the periodic table as a memory aid for remembering the typical order of fililng of orbitals. The order is CLICK 1s CLICK 2s CLICK 2p CLICK 3s CLICK 3p CLICK 4s CLICK 3d CLICK 4p CLICK 5s CLICK 4d CLICK 6s CLICK CLICK 4f CLICK 5d CLICK 6p CLICK 7s CLICK CLICK 5f CLICK 6d CLICK 7p PAUSE 2 seconds END RECORDING

1s 2p 2s 3s 3p 4s 3d 4p 5s 4d 5p 6s * 4d 6p 7s * 5d 7p 4f 5f

Video ID: 2-4-2 © 2008, Project VALUE (Video Assessment Library for Undergraduate Education), Department of Physical Sciences Nicholls State University Author: Glenn V. Lo Narrator: Funded by Louisiana Board of Regents Contract No. LA-DL-SELECT-13-07/08