Effects of metformin and rosiglitazone, alone and in combination, in nonobese women with polycystic ovary syndrome and normal indices of insulin sensitivity  Jean-Patrice Baillargeon, M.D., Daniela J. Jakubowicz, M.D., Maria J. Iuorno, M.D., Salomon Jakubowicz, M.D., John E. Nestler, M.D.  Fertility and Sterility  Volume 82, Issue 4, Pages 893-902 (October 2004) DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.02.127 Copyright © 2004 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Participant flow and follow-up summary. Fertility and Sterility 2004 82, 893-902DOI: (10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.02.127) Copyright © 2004 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Frequencies of ovulation in nonobese women with the polycystic ovary syndrome and normal indices of insulin sensitivity after administration of insulin-sensitizing drugs or placebo for 6 months. Blue represents the metformin group; magenta, the rosiglitazone group; yellow, the combination group; and cyan, the placebo group. Values are the mean and 95% CI. P<.001 for ANOVA test. *P<.05 for comparison with the group given placebo, by the Tukey HSD test. †P<.05 for comparison with the group given rosiglitazone, by the Tukey HSD test. Fertility and Sterility 2004 82, 893-902DOI: (10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.02.127) Copyright © 2004 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Monthly ovulation rates in nonobese women with the polycystic ovary syndrome and normal indices of insulin sensitivity after administration of insulin-sensitizing drugs or placebo for 6 months. Blue represents the metformin group; magenta, the rosiglitazone group; yellow, the combination group; and cyan, the placebo group. Values are the number of women who ovulated during each month in a group, divided by the total number of subjects in that group. P<.001 for differences among months using mixed-model repeated-measures logistic regression. Fertility and Sterility 2004 82, 893-902DOI: (10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.02.127) Copyright © 2004 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 Serum free-T concentrations in nonobese women with the polycystic ovary syndrome and normal indices of insulin sensitivity after administration of insulin-sensitizing drugs or placebo for 6 months. Black represents the overall baseline mean; blue, the metformin group; magenta, the rosiglitazone group; yellow, the combination group; and cyan, the placebo group. Values are the mean and 95% CI. All results are reported after adjustment for baseline concentrations using ANCOVA tests (using baseline overall mean as common reference). To assess the change of free T within each group, the result must be subtracted from the baseline overall mean, not from the result in Table 1. To convert values for free T to pmol/L, multiply by 34.7. P<.001 for ANCOVA test. *P<.05 for comparison with the group given placebo using the Tukey HSD test. Fertility and Sterility 2004 82, 893-902DOI: (10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.02.127) Copyright © 2004 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions

Figure 5 Serum fasting insulin, AUCinsulin, HOMA IS, and ISIOGTT in nonobese women with the polycystic ovary syndrome and normal indices of insulin sensitivity after administration of insulin-sensitizing drugs or placebo for 6 months. Black represents the overall baseline mean (n = 100); blue, the metformin group (n = 28); magenta, the rosiglitazone group (n = 22); yellow, the combination group (n = 20); and cyan, the placebo group (n = 30). Values are the mean and 95% CI. All results are reported after adjustment for baseline concentrations using ANCOVA tests (using baseline overall means as common references). To assess change of a variable within each group, the result must be subtracted from the baseline overall mean, not from the result in Table 1. To convert values for glucose to mmol/L, multiply by 0.056; and to convert values for insulin to pmol/L, multiply by 6.9. Homeostatic model assessment of insulin sensitivity and ISIOGTT were log-transformed for statistical analysis and are reported back-transformed in their original units. P<.001 for all ANCOVA tests. *P<.05 for comparison with the group given placebo, by the Tukey HSD test; †P<.05 for comparison with the group given rosiglitazone, by the Tukey HSD test. Fertility and Sterility 2004 82, 893-902DOI: (10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.02.127) Copyright © 2004 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions