Warm-Up Write down any 5 things you remember about the fall of the Roman Empire.

Byzantium Becomes the New Rome

Western Rome SPLITS EASTERN ROME

Western Rome EASTERN ROME Byzantine

Capital = Constantinople Continued as the New ROME EASTERN ROME Capital = Constantinople Continued as the New ROME Kings saw themselves to still be considered ROMAN emperors

EASTERN ROME BECOMES Byzantine Empire

Constantinople Location picked for many reasons Far away from Germanic invaders (barbarians) Close to connections with the East for trade Protected by the Black Sea and other water Easily able to defend it; could only attack 1 way

Constantinople Many famous buildings still there today Preserved Greco-Roman culture Had an interesting set up for the city Large walls and moats protected it

Protective Walls of Constantinople Walls were used to keep invaders out or at least stall them Had three levels, and moats Archers could rain down arrows

Layout of Constantinople

Justinian Justinian was a serious emperor who worked from dawn to midnight He helped rebuild and re-conquer Rome Had ABSOLUTE POWER = controlled both government and church

Byzantine Under Justinian He wanted a re-conquest of the Roman territories that were lost through Germanic invasions

Justinian’s Accomplishments Sent Best general Belisarius to take North Africa from the Vandals 2 Years later Belisarius took Rome back from the Ostrogoths Justinian won back nearly all the territory Rome used to rule.

Justinian Code Justinian set up a panel of legal experts to look through 400 years of Roman law. Some laws were outdated Justinian wanted to create a single, uniform code This became known as the Justinian Code that was used for 900 years after his death

Justinian Expands Trade The main street that ran through Constantinople was called the MESE which means “Middle Way” It ran from the imperial palace to the outer walls

Justinian Expands Trade There was a giant open-air market where shoppers could buy Tin from England Wine from France Cork from Spain Ivory and gold from Africa

Byzantium Preserves Learning Families valued education Sent children to monastic or public schools Hired private tutors Greek and Latin grammar, philosophy and rhetoric They preserved Greek and Roman great works

The Hagia Sophia Justinians’ most splendid building Christian church later taken by the Muslims

In 1054 A.D., the Orthodox Christian Church officially split from the Roman Catholic Church in the Great Schism