Punto di partenza Although the passato prossimo and the imperfetto are both past tenses, they have distinct uses and are not inter-changeable. The choice.

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Punto di partenza Although the passato prossimo and the imperfetto are both past tenses, they have distinct uses and are not inter-changeable. The choice between these two tenses depends on the context and on the point of view of the speaker. © and ® 2011 Vista Higher Learning, Inc.

© and ® 2011 Vista Higher Learning, Inc.

© and ® 2011 Vista Higher Learning, Inc.

© and ® 2011 Vista Higher Learning, Inc.

The passato prossimo and the imperfetto are often used together for narrative purposes. Ieri il tempo era bello e la neve mi sembrava perfetta. Ho deciso di andare a sciare in montagna e sono uscito di casa. Non c’era nessuno in giro quando sono salito in cima. Improvvisamente, ho sentito un rumore che veniva dal bosco. Santo cielo, era lo Yeti! Yesterday the weather was beautiful and the snow seemed perfect to me. I decided to go skiing in the mountains and I left the house. There was no one around when I climbed to the summit. Suddenly, I heard a sound that was coming from the woods. Good heavens, it was the Abominable Snowman! © and ® 2011 Vista Higher Learning, Inc. 5

Certain verbs have different meanings in the imperfetto and the passato prossimo. Compare the use of conoscere and sapere in these examples. Il chirurgo conosceva Anna. The surgeon knew Anna. Ho conosciuto il chirurgo. I met the surgeon (for the first time). Luisa sapeva cosa fare per guarire. Luisa knew what to do to get better. Carlo ha saputo che Luisa era malata. Carlo found out that Luisa was sick. © and ® 2011 Vista Higher Learning, Inc.

Dovere, potere, and volere have slightly different meanings in the imperfetto as well. The imperfetto describes intention or capability but doesn’t specify the outcome, whereas the passato prossimo indicates that an action was carried out. © and ® 2011 Vista Higher Learning, Inc.

Anna doveva andare dal medico. Anna was supposed to go to the doctor. Anna è dovuta andare dal medico. Anna had to (and did) go to the doctor. Il dottore poteva curarlo. The doctor could (had the ability to) heal him. Il dottore ha potuto curarlo. The doctor was able to (and did) heal him. Rosa non voleva fare esercizio, ma è andata in palestra lo stesso. Rosa did not want to exercise, but she went to the gym anyway. Rosa non ha voluto fare esercizio, e allora è restata a casa. Rosa did not want to exercise, so she stayed home. © and ® 2011 Vista Higher Learning, Inc.

Scrivi la forma corretta del verbo indicato. passato prossimo 1. cominciare (lui) _____________ 2. andare (tu) ________________ 3. bere (noi) _________________ 4. fare (loro) _________________ 5. nascere (io) _______________ imperfetto 6. giocare (noi) _____________ 7. essere (tu) _______________ 8. dire (lei) _________________ 9. avere (voi) _______________ 10. leggere (io) ______________ ha cominciato giocavamo © and ® 2011 Vista Higher Learning, Inc.