CARBON NANOTUBE Rayat Shikshan Sanstha’s RadhabaiKaleMahilaMahavidyalaya,Ahmednagar CARBON NANOTUBE Represented By Prof.Pawar .K.S. [M.SC. B.Ed. Physics]

INTRODUCTION What is Nanotechnology? Nanotechnology is science, engineering and technology conducted at the nanoscale, which is about 1 to 100 nanometers. Nanoscience and nanotechnology are study and application of extremely small things and can be used across all the other science fields, such as chemistry, biology, physics, material science and engineering.

CARBON NANO TUBE INTRODUCTION:- Until the mid-1980’s pure solid carbon was thought to exist in only two physical forms, diamond and graphite. Diamond and graphite have different physical structures and properties however their atoms are both arranged in covalently bonded networks. These two different physical forms of carbon atoms are called allotropes.

CARBON:- Carbon is chemical element with symbol C and atomic number 6. As a member of group 14 on the periodic table, it is nonmetallic and tetravalent making four electrons available to form covalent chemical bonds. There are three naturally occurring isotopes. Standard atomic weight:- 12.011 Element category:- Polyatomic nonmetal Group, Block:- Group 14, p-block Electron configuration:- [He] 2S2 2p2. Phase:- Solid Sublimation point:- 3915 K

Nanotubes:- Nanotubes look like a powder or black soot. But they are actually rolled-up sheets of graphene that form hollow strands with walls that are only one atom thick. Nanotubes, which are grown in a laboratory. Nanotube can be characterized by, Concentric cylinders, Cylinder radius Cylinder length

What is carbon nanotubes? “A carbon Nanotube is a tube-shaped material made of carbon, having a diameter measuring on the nanometer scale”. A nanometer is one billionth of meter, or about one ten-thousandth of the thickness of a human hair. Carbon Nanotube have many structures differing in length thickness, and in the type of number of layers.

How CNTs are made Arc discharge:- CNTs can be found in the carbon soot of graphite electrodes during an are discharge involving high current. This process yield CNTs with length up to 50 microns. Laser ablation:- In the laser ablation process a pulsed laser vaporizes a graphite target in a high- temperature reactor while an inert gas is inserted into the reactor. Nanotube develop on the cooler surface of the reactor as the vaporized carbon condenses.

Other method where CNt’s are created:- -Chemical vapor decomposition. -Natural, incidental, and controlled flame environment

PROPERTIES STRENGTH ELECTRICAL THERMAL DEFECTS ONE-DIMENSIONAL TRANSPORT TOXICITY

Type of carbon nanotube Single-wall Nanotube Multi-wall Nanotube Double-wall Nanotube

SINGLE-WALL NANOTUBE SINGLE-WALL NANOTUBES ARE TUBE OF GRAPHITE THAT ARE NORMALLY CAPPED AT THE ENDS. THEY HAVE A SINGLE CYLINDRICAL WALL. THE STRUCTURE OF A SWNT CAN BE VISUALISED AS A LAYER OF GRAPHITE, A SINGLE ATOM THICK CALLED GRAPHENE WHICH IS ROLLED INTO SEAMLESS CYLINDER. MOST SWNT TYPICALLY HAVE A DIMETER OF CLOSE TO 1NM. THE TUBE LENGTH HOWERE CAN BE MANY THOUSANDS OF TIME LONGER.

SINGLE-WALL CARBON NANOTUBE

MULTI-WALL CARBON NANOTUBE DUBLE-WALL CARBON NANOTUBE

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