Stephen F. Kemp, MDa, Richard D. deShazo, MDa, John E

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Presentation transcript:

Expanding habitat of the imported fire ant (Solenopsis invicta) : A public health concern Stephen F. Kemp, MDa, Richard D. deShazo, MDa, John E. Moffitt, MDa, David F. Williams, PhDb, William A. Buhner, BSa Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Volume 105, Issue 4, Pages 683-691 (April 2000) DOI: 10.1067/mai.2000.105707 Copyright © 2000 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 US range expansion of imported fire ant (S invicta), 1918-1999. (The assistance of Anne-Marie Collcutt, US Department of Agriculture, Gulfport, Miss, is appreciated.) Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2000 105, 683-691DOI: (10.1067/mai.2000.105707) Copyright © 2000 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 A, Stinging fire ant (S invicta).B, Wheal-and-flare reactions 5 minutes after multiple fire ant stings. C, Sterile pustule 24 hours after fire ant sting. D, Cutaneous late-phase allergic reaction 24 hours after fire ant sting. Excoriated sterile pustule in center of lesion. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2000 105, 683-691DOI: (10.1067/mai.2000.105707) Copyright © 2000 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 3 A, Single-queen (monogynous) fire ant mound at street curb. B, Fire ant infestation of electrical wiring. (Vinson SB, photographer. New York Times Magazine , Jan 8, 1995.) (Reproduced with permission from S. Bradleigh Vinson, Texas A&M University, College Station, Tex.) Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2000 105, 683-691DOI: (10.1067/mai.2000.105707) Copyright © 2000 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 4 S invicta worker ants and queen. Arranged in a circle are majors (the largest workers), media (medium-sized workers), and minors (the smallest workers). Minors comprise the majority of worker ants in a colony. A queen is displayed to the right. (From Vinson SB, Sorensen AA. Imported fire ants: life history and impact. Austin: Texas Department of Agriculture, 1986.) (Reproduced with permission from the Texas Department of Agriculture and from S. Bradleigh Vinson, Texas A&M University, College Station, Tex.) Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2000 105, 683-691DOI: (10.1067/mai.2000.105707) Copyright © 2000 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions