Kinematics of Pointing Movements Made in a Virtual Versus a Physical 3-Dimensional Environment in Healthy and Stroke Subjects Luiz A. Knaut, MSc, Sandeep K. Subramanian, MSc, Bradford J. McFadyen, PhD, Daniel Bourbonnais, PhD, OT, Mindy F. Levin, PhD, PT Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Volume 90, Issue 5, Pages 793-802 (May 2009) DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2008.10.030 Copyright © 2009 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions
Fig 1 Target arrangement in the coronal (A) and transverse (B) planes for both the physical and virtual environments for participants reaching with the right arm. Abbreviations: LC, lower contralateral; LI, lower ipsilateral; LM, lower middle; UC, upper contralateral; UI, upper ipsilateral; UM, upper middle. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2009 90, 793-802DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2008.10.030) Copyright © 2009 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions
Fig 2 Endpoint and trunk trajectories toward the 3 upper (UI, UM, UC) and 3 lower (LI, LM, LC) targets in the physical environment (PE) and the VEs obtained from 1 healthy subject and 1 patient with stroke. Abbreviations: LC, lower contralateral; LI, lower ipsilateral; LM, lower middle; UC, upper contralateral; UI, upper ipsilateral; UM, upper middle. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2009 90, 793-802DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2008.10.030) Copyright © 2009 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions