Roles and functions of α1-AT in lungs of a) individuals with normal levels of protein, b) patients with deficient or null mutations, and c) patients with.

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Roles and functions of α1-AT in lungs of a) individuals with normal levels of protein, b) patients with deficient or null mutations, and c) patients with deficient and polymerogenic mutations of the SERPINA1 gene. Roles and functions of α1-AT in lungs of a) individuals with normal levels of protein, b) patients with deficient or null mutations, and c) patients with deficient and polymerogenic mutations of the SERPINA1 gene. HNE: human neutrophil elastase; ER: endoplasmic reticulum. Ilaria Ferrarotti et al. Breathe 2018;14:e17-e24 ©2018 by European Respiratory Society