European migrant crisis Johana Brichová

Why has it started? different causes in different countries Syria Afghanistan Iraq Iran Pakistan Somalia Libya Eritrea

Syria

Syria 22,5 mil. inhabitants ¾ Sunni muslims, also Shias, Christian and Jewish minority since 2000 Bashar al-Assad´s totalitarian regime since 2011 civil war: beginning - Arab Spring government X rebels X Kurdish military forces X ISIS until 2016 - † 250 000 people, about 14 mil. refugees

Afghanistan

Afghanistan 30 mil. inhabitants, 99% muslims 1978 - putsch, communist dictatorship till 1989, 10 mil. refugees 1996 - 2001 - Taliban domination, 2001 overthrown since 2001 - war against Taliban since 2015 Taliban gains the power again

Iraq

Iraq 33 mil. inhabitants, 97% Shias 1968 - 2003 - dictatorship of the socialist Ba´ath party 1978 - elected president Saddam Husein 2003 - putsch, new government administrated by the USA democratic republic, but corrupt government unrest - armed groups, strifes due to the large amount of oil

Iran

Iran 82 mil. inhabitants since 1997 - not so strict censorship antigovernment protests, but cannot be enforced tension between USA - suspicion of developing the atom forces despite the ban

Pakistan

Pakistan 202 mil. inhabitants owns the atom forces common antigovertment demonstrations some territories administrated by Taliban a Al- Qaeda since 2008 - war on the northwest, effort to separate

Libya

Libya 6 mil. inhabitants till 1943 - Italian colony before the Wold War II - Bedouin insurgents during WWII - a lot of fights, Italian and German military units till 1942 1949 - independant, Libyan kingdom 1969 - putsch 2011 - overthrow of Muammar Gaddafi Chaos and a civil war no central goverment, some territories without administration

Eritrea

Eritrea 5 mil. inhabitants, Muslims and Christians 1993 - independence, separation from Ethiopia one of the poorest countries in the world a lot of army forces, decline in education and industry 22 years dictatorship of one political party 1998 - war with Yemen, † 100 000 people, ¼ of Eritreans escaped since 2008 strifes with Djibouti - unclear border 4000 people/month leave the country

Opinions on the European migrant crisis

Frequent opinions: the causes of the migrant crisis wars, civil wars religious, ethnic and/or economic pressure in those countries dictatorships and totalitarian regimes rise of ISIS smuggling business no protection of the European and Schengen boder

Frequent opinions: the problems of the migrant crisis USA and NATO and their intervention in those countries result - decline of undemocratic, but sometimes funcional regimes, e.g. Libya Islam - cannot be merged with democracy Sharia, social status of women, homosexuals and non- Muslims, explanation of Jihad formed Islamic terrorism, e.g. ISIS

Opinions: the loudest Czech politics Miloš Zeman, president: Czech republic should not take in any refugees, the violence would increase Andrej Babiš, minister of finance: We should not take in anyone, for the refugees would not integrate strictly against imigration: Úsvit (R), Martin Konvička (IvČRN, BPI), president Miloš Zeman more liberal attitude: ODS (R), Svobodní (R), premier Bohuslav Sobotka agree with imigration: Strana zelených (more to L)

Survey

The opinions of the Czech informed by the media from Syria, Afghanistan, Somalia and Eritrea, or other mostly Islamic countries mostly due to wars and bad economic situation + poverty, interventions of the USA not to Czechia: small doses, flow to Germany, negative information hatred of the Czech towards the refugees influence on the common life: yes in Czech republic not, but elsewhere yes fear of the unknown

Our opinion EU is not ready to take in so many people in such a short time! the interventions of the USA are not usually wrong, but their problem is not having any next plans we shoud take in mainly tested refugees from fighting countries the problem of Islam is incompability with other today’s European values

Thank you for your attention! Johana Brichová