The English Monarchy.

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Presentation transcript:

The English Monarchy

The House of Tudor Late 1400s the Tudors come into power in England Tried to increase power in the style of other European absolutists Henry VII – first Tudor king, increased wealth and stability Henry VIII – Anglican Church Edward VI – six years, sickly

Mary I Oldest daughter of Henry VIII First reigning queen of England Catholic, tried to destroy Anglican Church “Bloody Mary” – had more than 300 people burned at the stake Efforts to rid England of protestants led to rebellions

Elizabeth I Mary I dies 1558, half-sister Elizabeth I (Tudor House) becomes queen Worked with Parliament to strengthen Protestantism (Elizabeth is Protestant) Mary Queen of Scots Elizabeth’s first cousin Queen of Scotland Flees to England escaping rebellion Plots with Philip II (Spain) to seize English crown, Elizabeth finds out, beheads Mary

Spanish Armada 1588 Philip II launches Spanish Armada 151 ships 8000 sailors 18, 000 soldiers Spain is defeated English national pride soared Elizabeth’s popularity increases

Troubles at Home - Religion Puritans wanted to further “purify” the Anglican church after its break with the Catholic Church Elizabeth refuses to change the Anglican Church; fines non-Anglican Protestants; persecutes Catholics

Elizabeth I and Parliament House of Lords: nobility and clergy House of Commons: gentry-landowners without titles, burgesses-merchants and professionals from the cities and towns Elizabeth allowed Parliament to debate; she asked for their advice on issues of state Was able to get things passed that she needed such as new taxes

James I Elizabeth I dies in 1603; never married, no heir King James VI of Scotland-son of Mary Queen of Scots (Stuart House): becomes king Unites England and Scotland Strong supporter of Anglican Church-puts him at odds with the Puritans; authorizes new translation of the Bible: The King James Version Believer in the “Divine Right of Kings”-puts him at odds with the House of Commons

James I and Parliament Puritans have a strong membership in Parliament; oppose James’s plans Can’t get Parliament to agree to new taxes; sells titles of nobility, raises customs duties, and grants monopoly rights to raise money Parliament disagrees with James’ attempts to ally with Spain; forces another war with Spain James I dies 1625; son Charles I takes throne

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