HISTORY OF THE ATOM GREEKS DEMOCRITUS ALL MATTER IS MADE OF ATOMS

ATOM TIMELINE 1803 JOHN DALTON, SCHOOL TEACHER BILLIARD BALL THEORY

DALTON ATOMS ARE INDIVISIBLE PARTICLES ELEMENTS CONSIST OF IDENTICAL ATOMS THAT ALL HAVE THE SAME MASS COMPOUNDS CONSIST OF DIFFERENT ELEMENTS BONDED TOGETHER BY SOME TIME OF “HOOK”

ATOMIC THEORY 1869 MENDELEEV - PRODUCED THE PERIODIC TABLE PERIODIC LAW

ATOMIC THEORY 1898 THOMPSON “PLUM CAKE MODEL”

THOMPSON ATOMS CONSISTED OF A POSITIVELY CHARGED BALL WITH NEGATIVE CHARGES PLACED ON TOP

ATOMIC THEORY 1898-1911 RUTHERFORD RUTHERFORD MODEL

RUTHERFORD ELECTRONS EXISTED IN A CLOUD AROUND A POSITIVE NUCLEUS USED GOLD FOIL EXPERIMENT.

ATOMIC THEORY BOHR WORKED FOR RUTHERFORD PLANETARY MODEL

BOHR PLACED ELECTRONS IN STATIONARY, STABLE ORBITS AROUND THE NUCLEUS HIS EXPLANATION ONLY EXPLAINED THE BEHAVIOR OF HYDROGEN

ATOMIC THEORY 1925 ERWIN SCHRODINGER QUANTUM MECHANICAL MODEL ELECTRON CLOUD (WAVE) MODEL

QUANTUM MECHANICS QUANTUM PHYSICS WAVE MECHANICS

NUCLEUS IS SURROUNDED BY ORBITING ELECTRONS TRAPPED IN AN ELECTRICAL FIELD CREATED BY A POSITIVE NUCLEUS

QUANTUM MECHANICS THE STUDY OF MECHANICAL SYSTEMS WHOSE DIMENSIONS ARE CLOSE TO THE ATOMIC SCALE FUNDAMENTAL BRANCH OF PHYSICS THAT PROVIDES ACCURATE DESCRIPTIONS FOR PREVIOUSLY UNEXPLAINED PHENOMENA

THE PERIODIC TABLE AN ORGANIZED ARRANGEMENT OF THE ELEMENTS

THE PERIODIC TABLE THERE ARE 112 KNOWN ELEMENTS EACH ELEMENT IS REPRESENTED BY ONE BLOCK ON THE PERIODIC TABLE.

THE PERIODIC TABLE ELEMENTS 112 - 116, 118 ARE REPRESENTED ON THE PERIODIC TABLE BECAUSE THEY ARE “THEORETICALLY” SUPPOSED TO EXIST . SOME OF THESE HAVE BEEN REPORTED TO BE ISOLATED BUT IT HAS NOT BEEN CONFIRMED.

THE PERIODIC TABLE OUT OF ALL THE ELEMENTS, ONLY 92 OCCUR NATURALLY. THE REST ARE MAN-MADE OR ARE PART OF THE RADIOACTIVE DECAY PROCESS.

PERIODIC TABLE “BLOCKS” SYMBOL - ONE OR TWO LETTERS THAT REPRESENT THE ELEMENT’S NAME NAME OF THE ELEMENT ATOMIC NUMBER - THE NUMBER OF PROTONS

BLOCKS ATOMIC MASS - NUMBER OF PROTONS PLUS NEUTRONS PROTONS AND NEUTRONS HAVE EQUAL MASSES. EACH IS EQUIVALENT TO ONE ATOMIC MASS UNIT - AMU

BLOCKS ELECTRONS ARE TOO SMALL TO MEASURE AND ARE NOT INCLUDED IN THE ATOMIC MASS NUMBER. SOME PERIODIC TABLES INCLUDE THE STATE OF MATTER IN WHICH THE ELEMENT IS MOST COMMONLY FOUND. - SOLID, LIQUID, GAS

CALCULATIONS GIVEN A KNOWN ELEMENT, DETERMINE THE CORRECT NUMBER OF PROTONS, NEUTRONS, AND ELECTRONS.

# OF SUBATOMIC PARTICLES PROTONS - EQUALS THE ATOMIC NUMBER NEUTRONS - ATOMIC MASS - ATOMIC NUMBER ELECTRONS - EQUALS THE NUMBER OF PROTONS

BERYLLIUM ATOMIC NUMBER = 4 ATOMIC MASS = 9 HOW MANY PROTONS, NEUTRONS, AND ELECTRONS?