Chronic ischemic cerebral white matter disease is a risk factor for nonfocal neurologic injury after total aortic arch replacement  Ridwan Lin, MD, PhD, Lars Svensson, MD, PhD, Rishi Gupta, MD, Bruce Lytle, MD, Derk Krieger, MD, PhD  The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery  Volume 133, Issue 4, Pages 1059-1065 (April 2007) DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2006.11.036 Copyright © 2007 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Composite MRI scans of 3 patients with varying degree of leukoaraiosis and corresponding total WM score based on the Schelten’s rating method. A–D, Severe leukoaraiosis (WM score of 26). E–H, Moderate leukoaraiosis (WM score of 17). I–L, Minimal-mild leukoaraiosis (WM score of 3). The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2007 133, 1059-1065DOI: (10.1016/j.jtcvs.2006.11.036) Copyright © 2007 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions