Sue North Practice Nurse, Scarborough Medical Group February 2019 Diabetes did you know diabetes could do this to you? What happens when the door closes? This session is in 2 parts 1) What diabetes is, focusing on type 2 and how it can affect the body 2) What happens at at typical annual review Sue North Practice Nurse, Scarborough Medical Group February 2019

Did you know diabetes could do this to you? - What is diabetes? - What are the symptoms? - How can diabetes affect the body? - How is diabetes treated?

What is diabetes? “A condition that occurs when the hormone insulin fails to adequately control the blood glucose (sugar) level” When I say diabetes, whats the first thing you think of? To understand this a bit better, need to ask a couple of questions – Do we all have sugar in blood? (?Vote yes/no) What do we need it for? energy Where does it come from? food Which types of food? Carbs e.g. So we eat it, gets digested/broken down and from gut gets absorbed into blood stream as glucose … for the body to be able to use the glucose for energy, it needs to be able to get into the cells …

Insulin acts as a key Explain

Type 2 diabetes – insulin doesn’t work properly What causes keys/insulin not to work in type 2? Overweight, getting older, ethnicity (Asian), inactivity, genetics, (bad luck – 20% normal wt) Of all people with diabetes, 90% type 2

type 1 – no insulin Cause – autoimmune (hereditary). 10% type 1 Only treatment?

Explain – extra glucose in blood filtered by Explain – extra glucose in blood filtered by? … kidneys, goes out in urine – 1, leads to 2/3. Glucose not getting to where it should, leads to 5, temp effect on nerves 4 and exra glucose in blood 6 MOST PEOPLE DON’T GET SYMPTOMS – that’s why we check for diabetes CVD check, BP checks or overweight, strong FH etc

complications How can diabetes affect the body in the long-term? so what parts of the body can be affected by diabetes in the long-term i.e. over yrs? (draw on flipchart)

x PHOTOS VECTORS FOOTAGE AUDIO SEE PRICING & PLANS SUPPORT EN LOGIN SIGN UP All Images   Vector - Complications of Diabetes Mellitus in people. Illustration in Infographic style about medical and health. Complications of Diabetes Mellitus in people. Illustration in Infographic style about medical and health. Share Download Preview Image ID : 80113690 Media Type : Vector Illustration Copyright : Suriya Siritam Standard License Extended License       Size Guide 6000 x 4348 px | 50.8 cm x 36.8 cm | 300dpi | JPG This image requires 6 Download Credits from   Subscription Plan  Credit Pack    Credit Pack Download Keywords anatomy blindness blood blood sugar body brain cartoon clip art complications damage description diabetes diabetic foot disease explain eye full body graphic heart attack human icon infections info isolated kidney length levels multiple nerve neuropathy people peripheral permanent physical presentations reports retina shadow silhouette vessels vision Show More Similar Vectors                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     123RF About 123RF Career  Our Partners Press Room Features Blog Tutorials Services Corporate+ 123RF Partners Program API Value-Added Reseller Become an Affiliate Policies Legal Licensing Privacy Notice Terms of Use Cookie Policy International English Deutsch Español Français Italiano Magyar Nederland Język polski Русский язык Português (PT) Türkçe 日本語 한국어 繁體中文 Support Need help? Contact your dedicated Account Manager @ 0808 222 3388 Contact Connect with Us                    123RF Contributors Monetize your creations                                    Great 8.6 out of 10 All rights reserved. © 02/23/2019 123RF Limited 2005-2019. dementia

management - Lifestyle – diet & exercise - Medication – many options, all work differently to lower glucose level in blood (usually increases over time) - Regular check-ups to detect/prevent complications Management all about preventing the complications

summary - Most people with type 2 diabetes have no symptoms - Diabetes increases risk of heart attacks, strokes, blindness, kidney failure and amputation - Complications are preventable – regular check-ups play a large part in this

What happens when the door closes? Initial visit: Urine sample: - dip & ACR Blood sample: - HbA1c, Cholesterol, U & E’s, (LFTs) Blood pressure Smoking What urine test – ACR What blood test LFTs if taking some meds (statin, Metformin) Relate back to body flip-chart – urine – kidneys, chol & BP for heart/strokes, HbA1c also for eyes, kidneys, feet; smoking for all

Review results – HbA1c, cholesterol, kidney function, 2nd visit Review results – HbA1c, cholesterol, kidney function, Advice re lifestyle and/or medication Check feet – pulses and sensation Check had eye photograph done Any further support/education Agree plan Group education, pregnancy Help with wt loss; meds for BP/chol/kidney protection as well as glucose

summary - What diabetes is - How it can affect the body - Importance of regular reviews in preventing complications