Canada and the twenties Chapter 3: Pages 48 - 73

introduction new gadgets made life better for those who could afford it, the rich many sadly, did not feel the prosperity, they were the poor

An uneasy adjustment after the war many men returned to lower wages, soaring costs and few jobs workers were demanding higher wages, better working conditions, and the right to join unions this resulted in several long and bitter strikes

An uneasy adjustment union leaders were called socialists and communists owners believed that all unions wanted industry to be publicly owned union leaders from all parts of Canada formed the OBU unions were asking for a collective bargaining agreement, this would allow leaders to negotiate on behalf of their workers

An uneasy adjustment Winnipeg General Strike in Winnipeg union leaders called for a general strike to help workers with their demands government and business owners turned to the police to stop the strike the result was violence

An uneasy adjustment the strike was broken and some union leaders, who were called Communists wrongly, were deported or jailed a Royal Commission was set up to look at the situation and found that the striking workers grievances were valid

An uneasy adjustment One of the leaders of the strike who was jailed was J. S. Wordsworth He would later start the Cooperative Commonwealth Federation (CCF), which would become the NDP

New Challenges to federalism Western alienation started about this time They resented the National Policy, which put tariffs on foreign machinery different regions, like the west, were starting to have influences on politicians in the 1920s

New Challenges to federalism These issues would not go away for a long time In 1921 a federal election brought in a minority Liberal government

Homework Read pages 48 - 55 Questions Describe the Winnipeg General Strike. What were the causes of Western Alienation in the 1920s?

Canada’s growing independence WW1 raised Canada’s profile internationally The King-Byng Crisis was a challenge to Canada’s autonomy

Canada’s growing independence The Balfour Report strengthened Canada’s autonomy The Balfour Report recommended that all former British colonies be equal to Great Britain

Canada’s growing independence In 1931 the Statute of Westminster formally turned the British Empire into the British Commonwealth Because the provinces and Federal government in Canada could not agree on an amending formula the BNA Act stayed in Britain, as well as the judicial court of appeal until 1949

The economy improves by the middle of the decade the economy improved in Canada record exports helped the USA was investing in Canada and setting up branch plants

The economy improves Canada’s economy was mostly involved in primary industry, as apposed to America which was mostly secondary industries Bootlegging alcohol to the USA was big business In Canada a series of plebiscites was held and liquor would be controlled through government liquor outlets

The economy improves As more factories came online people moved to the cities Wealthy families with cars moved to tree-lined residential areas, outside of the downtown core

Homework Read pages 55 - 59 Questions How did the King-Byng Crisis, the Balfour Report, and the Statute of Westminster contribute to Canada’s autonomy? What caused Canada’s economy to improve?

The Role of women few women were elected federally or provincially in the 20s there were few job opportunities for women Emily Murphy challenged the Supreme Court of Alberta that women in fact were ‘persons’

a new prosperity the economy was good and many Canadians were enjoying a great lifestyle cars and tourism helped people to enjoy life highways were being built to increase mobility

a new prosperity airplanes were opening up the north to mineral exploration telephones became standard, and radios helped everyone combat boredom movies helped everyone to fantasize

a new prosperity the Group of Seven brought new life to the Canadian art scene Emily Carr painted Pacific Coast scenes Sports took off with the broadcasts of hockey and football on the radio

missing the roar not all people in Canada were doing well in the 20s Aboriginals and people of colour were still excluded from the benefits

missing the roar New immigrants from Russia and Eastern Europe were thought to be socialist revolutionaries Asian immigration was virtually non-existent

the stock market crash Tuesday, October 29, 1929 the New York Stock Exchange collapsed This is considered the start of the Great Depression of the 30s

Homework Read pages 60 - 73 Questions How did women’s roles change during the 1920s? What led to general prosperity in 1920s Canada?