Limits of a Superpower, 1969-1980 Unit 10, Period 8 (1945-1980) Ch.29 AP U.S. History

Think About It To what extent did the events of the 1950s and 1960s lead to a rise in conservatism in the 1970s and 1980s? Evaluate the extent of public policies of presidential administrations from Eisenhower to Reagan as a cause of increased public distrust in the federal government.

Sixth Party System (1968-Present) Republicans Democrats Platform Conservatism New Federalism Supply-Side Economics Privatization Southern Strategy Christian Coalition/Moral Majority Proactive and expanded military Judicial restraint Pro-life Electoral Events Republican Revolution 1994 Mid-Term Elections Contract with America Demographics Business Professionals/Corporations Blue-Collar Workers Bible Belt, Midwest, Rocky Mountains Platform Liberalism Equal opportunity and social welfare Keynesian economics and progressive taxes National health insurance Affirmative action Environmentalism Multinational coalitions Judicial activism Pro-choice Electoral Events 1968 Democratic National Convention 2006 Mid-Term Elections 2008 Presidential Election Demographics Professionals/Academics Women, Youth, and Minorities Urban sectors Unions Northeast and Pacific West (Left Coast)

Richard Nixon (R) (1969-1974) 26th Amendment (1971) Right to vote at 18 years old

Nixon & Detente (1969-1974) Vietnamization Purpose Expand, equip, and train South Vietnamese Reduce American troop involvement “Peace with honor” Cambodia bombings My Lai Massacre (1968) U.S. troops slaughtered women and children Pentagon Papers (1971) Avoid defeat and ensure containment NOT to help a friend Cover-ups regarding the war War Powers Act (1973) 48 hours advance notice 60 day military authorization, 30 day withdrawal Paris Peace Accords (1973)

Richard M. Nixon (R) (1969-1974) Detente Secretary of State Henry Kissinger Nixon Doctrine Visit to China (1972) Met with Chairman Mao Virtual recognition of Communist China Soviet Union and Leonid Brezhnev Visit to Moscow (1972) Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty (SALT I) (1972)

Liberals and Conservatives: The 1970s saw growing clashes between conservatives and liberals over social and cultural issues, the power of the federal government, race, and movements for greater individual rights. The rapid and substantial growth of evangelical Christian churches and organizations was accompanied by greater political social activism on the part of religious conservatives.

Richard Nixon (R) (1969-1974) Political Policy Conservation Southern Strategy Silent Majority WWII veterans, Midwest, South, blue collar, suburbia, rural America New Federalism War on Drugs Conservation Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Clean Air Act of 1970

Election of 1972 Republicans Richard Nixon Democrats George McGovern

Watergate Committee to Re-Elect the President (CREEP) G. Gordon Liddy Break-In at Democratic National Headquarters at Watergate Hotel (June 1972) Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein - Washington Post Deepthroat - Mark Felt Saturday Night Massacre (October 20, 1973) Special Prosecutor Archibald Cox “I’m not a crook.” Nixon Tapes United States v. Nixon (1974) Resignation (August 9, 1974) In lieu of impeachment articles

Gerald Ford (R) (1974-1977) Pardon of Nixon WIN (Whip Inflation Now) “My fellow Americans, our long national nightmare is over.” WIN (Whip Inflation Now)

Gerald R. Ford (R) (1974-1977) Detente Vietnam Fall of Saigon (1975)

Election of 1976 Jimmy Carter (D) Political outsider Gerald Ford (R)

Jimmy Carter (D) (1977-1981) Economy 1979 Energy Crisis Stagflation continued High unemployment rates

Jimmy Carter (D) (1977-1981) Foreign Policy--Human Rights Panama Canal Treaty (1977) Camp David Accords (1978) Peace between Egypt and Israel SALT II (1979) Soviet Union and Afghanistan (1979) Boycott of Moscow Olympics (1980) Iranian Revolution (1979) Ayatollah Khomeini 55 American hostages for 444 days Operation Eagle Claw (1980)

Responding to social conditions and the African American civil rights movement… Gay and lesbian activists mobilized behind claims for legal, economic, and social equality. Latino, American Indian, and Asian American movements continued to demand social and economic equality and a redress of past injustices.