Breaches

Vessel sizes – Small boat Harbors

Vessel Sizes – Ports

Vessel Design Considerations Vessel Length: Placement of Breasting Dolphins (Fenders) Placement of Mooring Dolphins Size of Turning Basin Vessel Beam: Width of Access Channel Width of Mooring Basin

Vessel Design Considerations Vessel Draft (Loaded): Determines Required Water Depth Determines Current Loading Vessel Freeboard (Empty) Determines Wind Loading Vessel Displacement (weight) Determines dock structure Determines fender Design (Energy)

Site Considerations – Constraints: Upland Ownership Upland Access Upland Area Use of Adjacent Lands Deep Water Shallow Water (Dredging?) Water Area (Turning Basins) Wave Exposure (Swell) Wind Direction Ice Environmentally Sensitive Areas

PORT DESIGN

Port – definition A Location for Transfer of Cargo Between Ships and Shore. A Port Normally Includes Infrastructure of Docks and Uplands Necessary for Commercial Activity. Cargo vessels generally range from about 150 feet to over 900 feet

Port Characteristics Cargo vessels generally range from about 150 feet to over 900 feet. Dock structures are generally fixed (not floating) and vessels are attended at all times. Note: Areas of high tidal ranges require constant attention to mooring lines.

Small Boat Harbors A location for permanent or temporary moorage of small unattended vessels. Moorings normally consist of floating docks. The vessel size in harbors generally vary from about 18 foot skiffs up to about 150 foot commercial fishing boats. Larger boats are more often associated with ports and movement of cargo.

WHARF Moorage parallel to shore. docking on only one side Good for heavy duty transfer of cargo – (e.g. containers) Normally constructed close to shore where depths increase rapidly

PIERS Good for Access to Deep Water Vessels Can Be Moored on Two or More Sides Have a Limited Capacity Have Limited Working Space Commonly Used for Fuel Transfer

Types of Docks Wharf Pier:

Distribution of Ocean Wave Energy Residual Ocean Swell – about 10 to 15 seconds Most Inland Waters about 4 to 6 second design wave 84 SPM

Define Terms

Linear Wave Theory L=5.12 T^2 Fig. 2-6 84 SPM

Common Equations for Port and Harbor Design Wave Length (Deep Water): When depth(d) > L/2 Deep or Lo= 5.12 T 2 (feet) Wave Length : When depth(d) < L/2 Requires Iterative Solution However: Shallow

Ocean swell - Seward Fenders

Fender Design For high tidal range fenders may be designed to move upand down with the tide. For low tidal range fenders can be at a fixed elevation.

Programming Excel for linear wave theory

ENVIRONMENTAL Dock design & Fish migration Pile supported docks are normally preferred for fish migration; however there may be concern for shading There is concern that vertical faced docks force juvenile salmon into deep water. Sometimes this can be mitigated by hanging material from dock face.

ENVIRONMENTAL Dock design & Fish migration Breach beach beach