1st year Latin essential vocabulary

aci-ēī, f. 5th: edge, battle line aciēs aci-ēī, f. 5th: edge, battle line

advent-ūs, m. 4th: arrival, approach adventus advent-ūs, m. 4th: arrival, approach

aestās aestāt-is, f. 3rd: summer

agr-i, m. 2nd: (farm) field, land; in pl. = territory ager agr-i, m. 2nd: (farm) field, land; in pl. = territory

agricol-ae, m. 1st: farmer

amiciti-ae, f. 1st: friendship amīcitia amiciti-ae, f. 1st: friendship

amīcus amīc-ī, m. 2nd: friend

anim-ī, m. 2nd: mind, spirit; in pl. = courage animus anim-ī, m. 2nd: mind, spirit; in pl. = courage

annus ann-ī, m. 2nd: year

aqua aqu-ae, f. 1st : water

arm-ōrum, n. pl. 2nd : weapons, arms; war(fare) arma arm-ōrum, n. pl. 2nd : weapons, arms; war(fare)

auxili-ī, n. 2nd : help, assistance; in pl. = reinforcements (troops) auxilium auxili-ī, n. 2nd : help, assistance; in pl. = reinforcements (troops)

bellum bell-ī, n. 2nd : war(fare)

capit-is, n. 3rd : head, life caput capit-is, n. 3rd : head, life

castr-ōrum, n. pl. 2nd : (military) camp castra castr-ōrum, n. pl. 2nd : (military) camp

caus-ae, f. 1st : cause, reason, case (in a court of law)

celeritāt-is, f. 3rd : speed, swiftness celeritās celeritāt-is, f. 3rd : speed, swiftness

cīv-is, m. (or f.), 3rd : citizen

cīvitās cīvitāt-is, f. 3rd : (citizens of a) city, citizenship, state; in ref. to peoples of ancient Gaul = tribes

cōnsili-ī, n. 2nd : plan, advice, strategy consilium cōnsili-ī, n. 2nd : plan, advice, strategy

cōpi-ae, f. 1st : supply, abundance, plenty; in pl. = troops

corpor-is, n. 3rd : body, corpse corpus corpor-is, n. 3rd : body, corpse

di-ēī, m. (sometimes f.) 5th : day, time diēs di-ēī, m. (sometimes f.) 5th : day, time

domus dom-ūs, f. 4th : house, home

duc-is, m. 3rd : general, leader, guide dux (< duc-s) duc-is, m. 3rd : general, leader, guide

eques equit-is, m. 3rd : cavalryman, horseman, member of the equestrian social class

equus equ-i, m. 2nd : horse

exercitus exercit-ūs, m. 4th : army

fēmina fēmin-ae, f. 1st : woman

fid-eī, f. 5th : faith, loyalty, trust fidēs fid-eī, f. 5th : faith, loyalty, trust

fīlia fīli-ae, f. 1st : daughter

fīlius fīli-ī, m. 2nd : son

fīn-is, m. 3rd : end, limit, end, boundary, border; in pl. = territory

flūmen flūmin-is, n. 3rd : river

frāter frātr-is, m. 3rd : brother

frūment-ī, n. 2nd : grain, crop, food supply frūmentum frūment-ī, n. 2nd : grain, crop, food supply

fug-ae, f. 1st : flight (fleeing), escape

gladius gladi-ī, m. 2nd : sword

hiems hiem-is, f. 3rd : winter

homin-is, m. (or f.) 3rd : human being, person; in pl. = people

hōra hōr-ae, f. 1st : hour, time

host-is, m. (or f.) 3rd : enemy

imperātōr-is, m. 3rd : commander, general imperātor imperātōr-is, m. 3rd : commander, general

imperi-i, n. 2nd : power, command, rule, empire imperium imperi-i, n. 2nd : power, command, rule, empire

īnsul-ae, f. 1st : island, apartment building

itiner-is, n. 3rd : journey, trip, march, route iter itiner-is, n. 3rd : journey, trip, march, route

lēg-is, f. 3rd : (written) law lēx (< lēg-s) lēg-is, f. 3rd : (written) law

liber libr-ī, m. 2nd : book

loc-ī, m. 2nd : place; in pl., usually neuter: loca, loc-ōrum locus loc-ī, m. 2nd : place; in pl., usually neuter: loca, loc-ōrum

lūx (< lūc-s) lūc-is, f. 3rd : light

man-ūs, f. 4th : hand, band (= small group), gang manus man-ūs, f. 4th : hand, band (= small group), gang

mar-is, n. 3rd : sea (abl. sing. -ī) mare mar-is, n. 3rd : sea (abl. sing. -ī)

māter mātr-is, m. 3rd : mother

memori-ae, f. 1st : memory, recollection

mīles mīlit-is, m. 3rd : soldier

mod-ī, m. 2nd : way, manner, limit, kind, type modus mod-ī, m. 2nd : way, manner, limit, kind, type

mont-is, m. 3rd : hill, mountain mōns (< mont-s) mont-is, m. 3rd : hill, mountain

mors (<mort-s) mort-is, f. 3rd : death

multitudin-is, f. 3rd : crowd, population, multitude multitūdō multitudin-is, f. 3rd : crowd, population, multitude

nātūra nātūr-ae, f. 1st : nature

nauta naut-ae, m! 1st : sailor

nāvis nāv-is, f. 3rd : ship

nōmen nōmin-is, n. 3rd : name

noct-is, f. 3rd : night(time) nox (noct-s) noct-is, f. 3rd : night(time)

numer-ī, m. 2nd : number, group numerus numer-ī, m. 2nd : number, group

oppid-ī, n. 2nd : (small) town oppidum oppid-ī, n. 2nd : (small) town

part-is, f. 3rd : part, direction pars (< part-s) part-is, f. 3rd : part, direction

pass-ūs, m. 4th : pace, step; mille passuum = mile passus pass-ūs, m. 4th : pace, step; mille passuum = mile

pater patr-is, m. 3rd : father

patri-ae, f. 1st : fatherland, homeland, native country

pāx (< pāc-s) pāc-is, f. 3rd : peace

pecūnia pecūni-ae, f. 1st : money

perīculum perīcul-ī, n. 2nd : danger

pēs (< ped-s) ped-is, m. 3rd : foot

poen-ae, f. 1st : punishment

pōns (< pont-s) pont-is, m. 3rd : bridge

popul-ī, m. 2nd : people, race populus popul-ī, m. 2nd : people, race

port-ae, f. 1st : (city) gate

praemi-ī, n. 2nd : reward, prize praemium praemi-ī, n. 2nd : reward, prize

praesidi-ī, n. 2nd : (body)guard, protection praesidium praesidi-ī, n. 2nd : (body)guard, protection

prīncip-is, m. 3rd : chieftain, leader, emperor prīnceps prīncip-is, m. 3rd : chieftain, leader, emperor

proelium proeli-ī, n. 2nd : battle

prōvinci-ae, f. 1st : province

puella puell-ae, f. 1st : girl

puer puer-ī, m. 2nd : boy

regn-ī, n. 2nd : kingdom, kingship, throne (as symbol of royal power) regnum regn-ī, n. 2nd : kingdom, kingship, throne (as symbol of royal power)

r-eī, f. 5th : thing, situation, matter, concern, topic, business rēs r-eī, f. 5th : thing, situation, matter, concern, topic, business

rēx (< rēg-s) rēg-is, m. 3rd : king

senātus senāt-ūs, m. 4th : senate

serv-ī, m. 2nd : (male) slave servus serv-ī, m. 2nd : (male) slave

sign-ī, n. 2nd : sign, signal, standard signum sign-ī, n. 2nd : sign, signal, standard

silv-ae, f. 1st : forest, woods

socius soci-ī, m. 2nd : (military and political) ally; friend, comrade, companion

soror sorōr-is, f. 3rd : sister

sp-eī, f. 5th : hope, expectation spēs sp-eī, f. 5th : hope, expectation

tempus tempor-is, n. 3rd : time

terr-ae, f. 1st : earth, land; orbis terrārum = the world

timōr-is, m. 3rd : fear, dread timor timōr-is, m. 3rd : fear, dread

urbs urb-is, f. 3rd : city

vi-ae, f. 1st : street, road, way

victōri-ae, f. 1st : victory

vīll-ae, f. 1st : (country) house, farmhouse

vir vir-ī, m. 2nd : man, husband

virtūt-is, f. 3rd : courage, virtue, manliness virtūs virtūt-is, f. 3rd : courage, virtue, manliness

vīta vīt-ae, f. 1st : life

vulner-is, n. 3rd : wound, injury vulnus vulner-is, n. 3rd : wound, injury