Chapitres Choisis english open book exam: pass / fail 4 week blocks of different topics yeast genetics.... cell biology of lipids

Genetics, Molecular and Cell Biology of Yeast 1.Introduction 2.Genetic elements 3.Classical genetics 4.Molecular biology of yeast 5.Cell biology 6.Genomics

Roger Schneiter January 2004

What are Yeast ? –eukaryote –unicellular fungi –phylum Ascomycetes –order Saccharomycetales –wide dispersion of natural habitats, plant leaves, wine grapes –ferment sugars to ethanol Production of wine, beer etc. Baking, raise dough through production of CO 2 Sparkling wine Used by man aprox years B.C. –difficult to define a wild-type –vitamin supplement in food production –divide by budding; Saccharomyces (cerevisiae) –divide by division: Schizosaccharomyces (pombe) –human pathogen: Candida albicans

Yeast as a model eukaryote the awesome power of yeast genetics -> the awesome power of yeast cell biology Fast generation cycle (90 min) Non-pathogenic Chemically defined growth media Large quantities -> class. biochemistry Amenable to classical genetics Large mutant collections Strong cell biology Strong -omics (gen-, proteo-, metabol-,...

Transformation with rec. DNA Extremely efficient recombination Molecular biology methods unique to yeast Complete sequence of genome DNA Arrays Complete knock-out collections Complete protein interaction maps

The power of genetics Leland Hartwell, Nobel Prize 2001 the cdc-screen

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Life cycle

pseudohyphae

Pheromone binds Kinase cascade Ste12p phosphorylated Activated Ste12p starts mating program Signal cascade

Cell polarity of diploid vs haploid cells