OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS FOR NEET AIIMS JIPMER www.wisedane.com

ANATOMY OF FLOWERING PLANTS BIOLOGY ANATOMY OF FLOWERING PLANTS SET 2 MCQ’S www.wisedane.com

Q1. Aerenchyma consist of Fibres Sclerenchyma tissues Collenchyme tissues Parenchyme tissues www.wisedane.com

ANSWER (D) EXPLANATION Aerenchyma is a spongy tissue that forms spaces or air channels in the leaves, stems and roots of some plants, which allows exchange of gases between the shoot and the root. Aerenchyma is a modification of the parenchyma. www.wisedane.com

Q2. In the petioles of banana and Canna, star shaped parenchyma cells are found. These cells are called Stellate parenchyma. Palisade parenchyma Spongy parenchyma Collenchyma www.wisedane.com

ANSWER (A) EXPLANATION Stellate parenchyma is a form of aeration tissue (aerenchyma) in plants, which helps with internal air circulation in plants. The tissue is typical of aquatic and wetland plants, and consists of cells with large intercellular spaces that allow air supply to underwater plant parts. www.wisedane.com

Q3. Which type of cell has different cell content from normal cells? Palisade parenchyma Idioblast Spongy parenchyma Collenchyma www.wisedane.com

ANSWER (B) EXPLANATION It is a special type of cell which differs markedly in form, size and content from other cells of the same tissue example tannin cells, cells filled with oil, raphids etc. www.wisedane.com

Q4. The type of tissue mostly absent in root is Sclerenchyma Meristematic Parenchyma Collenchyma www.wisedane.com

ANSWER (D) EXPLANATION Collenchyma cells have thin primary walls with some areas of secondary thickening. It provides mechanical strength to the petiole, leaves and stem of young dicot plants. It is a type of simple permanent tissue, which is mainly meant for providing mechanical support to the shoot system of a plant. Collenchyma is completely absent in the root. Collenchyma confers flexibility to various parts of the plant like petiole and stem, allowing for easy bending without breakage. It allows for growth and elongation of plant organs. Collenchyma present in leaves also prevents them from tearing. The living cells of collenchyma store food. Collenchyma when containing chlorophyll performs the function of photosynthesis. www.wisedane.com

Q5. The type of tissue which is absent in monocot is Sclerenchyma Meristematic Parenchyma Collenchyma www.wisedane.com

ANSWER (D) EXPLANATION Collenchyma is a simple, living tissue. Cell walls are thickened due to deposition of pectin. Collenchyma is the primary supporting tissue in stems, leaves and floral parts of dicots, where as in stems and leaves of monocots collenchyma is usually absent, (sclerenchyma is present in monocots). www.wisedane.com

Q6. Collenchyma occurs in the stem and petioles of Xerophytes Monocots Dicot herbs Hydrophytes. www.wisedane.com

ANSWER (C) EXPLANATION Collenchyma occurs in the stem and petioles of dicot herbs. Due to deposition of pectin, it has high water retaining capacity. Since pectin appears at the angles, it becomes a spongy tissue. The collenchyma is a mechanical tissue which gives tensile strength to the plant. www.wisedane.com

Q7. Which region is mostly formed by Collenchyma Hyodermis Epidermis Vascular region Inner cortex www.wisedane.com

ANSWER (A) EXPLANATION Cell wall of collenchyma in addition to cellulose contains large amounts of pectin and hemicelluloses without lignin deposition. Presence of pectin makes them hydrophilic and helps in retaining much water. Ultrastructural detail shows presence of cross poly lamellate or helicoidal structure in collenchyma wall with primary pit fields. Collenchyma cells are known to possess several pattern in their wall thickening which can be seen either in the corners of the cell, inner and outer tangential wall or on two opposite wall. www.wisedane.com

Q8. Type of Collenchyma with thickening on corners is Angular Collenchyma Spongy parenchyma Aerenchyma Lamellar Collenchyma www.wisedane.com

ANSWER (A) EXPLANATION Angular collenchyma cells are those in which the wall thickening is restricted to the corners of cells and can be seen in the stem of Atropa belladonna, Solanum tuberosum and petiole of Begonia, Beta, Coleus, Cucurbita, Morus, Ricinus Vitis, Cannabis and Celery (Apium graveolens). www.wisedane.com

Q9. Which of the following cell do not have an intercellular space? Angular Collenchyma Spongy parenchyma Aerenchyma Lamellar Collenchyma www.wisedane.com

ANSWER (A) EXPLANATION Angular Collenchyma are those cells with thickening of primary wall concentrated on their angles or corners .hence these cells lack intercellular space. www.wisedane.com

Q10. Angular collenchyma occurs in Cucurbita Helianthus Althaea Salvia. www.wisedane.com

ANSWER (A) EXPLANATION  Angular collenchyma occurs in, Cucurbita. It has thickening at the angles and there are no intercellular spaces. It is generally found in leaf petioles. www.wisedane.com

Q11. Collenchyma cells with thickening on their tangential wall belongs to the type Angular Collenchyma Spongy parenchyma Aerenchyma Lamellar Collenchyma www.wisedane.com

ANSWER (D) EXPLANATION In this type the thickening is deposited more heavily on the tangential wall than in the radial wall of the cells. This depositing is therefore appears stratified or lamellated; e.g., aerial roots of Sambucus, Rhamnus. www.wisedane.com

Q12. Type of Collenchyma in which the walls around the intercellular space shows primary wall thickening is Angular Collenchyma Lacunar Collenchyma Aerenchyma Lamellar Collenchyma www.wisedane.com

ANSWER (B) EXPLANATION The cell wall thickening is deposited on the primary walls around the intercellular space hence known as lacunar or tubular thickening. Example is aerial roots of Monstera and stem of Calotropis. www.wisedane.com

Q13. Collenchyma is found in the stems and petiole of Hydrophytes Herbaceous climbers Lianas Xerophytes www.wisedane.com

ANSWER (B) EXPLANATION Collemchyma gives mechanical support to the growing shoots of climbers. www.wisedane.com

Q14. The husk of coconut is made up of Parenchyma Collenchyma Sclerenchyma All the above www.wisedane.com

ANSWER (C) EXPLANATION The stiffness that plants have is a feature of the schlerenchyma tissue. These tissues have dead cells in them and are narrow and long in appearance for e.g. Coconut. Lignin thickens the wall of the dead cells that compose these tissues. www.wisedane.com

Q15.The simple permanent tissue consist of dead cells is Collenchyma Sclerenchyma Aerenchyma Parenchyma www.wisedane.com

ANSWER (B) EXPLANATION Sclerenchyma is a plant tissue providing mechanical stiffness and strength. Fibres and sclereids are the main types of sclerenchyma cells. Most sclerenchyma cells show intrusive growth. The cell walls of sclerenchyma have thickened secondary layers made from cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin. www.wisedane.com

Q16. Sclerenchyma at maturity Ceases its cellular activity Technically dead cell Has thick lignified secondary wall All the above www.wisedane.com

ANSWER (D) EXPLANATION In sclerenchyma cells, the secondary cell wall, produced after cell elongation has ceased, is thick and contains large amounts of lignin, a relatively indigestible strengthening polymer that accounts for more than a quarter of the dry mass of wood. www.wisedane.com

Q17.Lignin is not present in Dicots Monocots Bryophyte Gymnosperms www.wisedane.com

ANSWER (C) EXPLANATION The cell wall of Sclerenchyma is thick and contains large amounts of lignin, a relatively indigestible strengthening polymer that accounts for more than a quarter of the dry mass of wood. Lignin is present in all vascular plants but not in bryophytes. www.wisedane.com

Q18. Which of the following is true? Mature Collenchyma cannot elongate Mature Sclerenchyma cannot elongate Mature Sclerenchyma can elongate Both cells elongate even after maturity www.wisedane.com

ANSWER (B) EXPLANATION Unlike collenchyma cells, mature Sclerenchyma cells cannot elongate, and they occur in regions of the plant that have stopped growing in length. www.wisedane.com

Q19. Which cells form skeleton to give mechanical support to the trees? Sclerenchyma Collenchyma Fibres Parenchyma www.wisedane.com

ANSWER (A) EXPLANATION Sclerenchyma cells are so specialized for support that many are dead at functional maturity, but they produce secondary walls before the protoplast (the living part of the cell) dies. The rigid walls remain as a “skeleton” that supports the plant, in some cases for hundreds of years. www.wisedane.com

Q20. The irregular type of Sclerenchyma that impart hardness to nutshell is Sclereids Fibres Lignin Blast cell www.wisedane.com

ANSWER (A) EXPLANATION Sclereids, which are boxier than fibres and irregular in shape, have very thick, lignified secondary walls. Sclereids impart the hardness to nutshells and seed coats and the gritty texture to pear fruits. www.wisedane.com