“TRANSPONDERS IN SATELLITE” MARUDHAR ENGG. COLLEGE A SEMINAR REPORT ON “TRANSPONDERS IN SATELLITE”

AGENDA SATELLITE HISTORY TYPES OF SETELLITE AND THEIR USES COMPONENTS OF SATELLITE TRANSPONDERS CLASSIFICATION OF TRANSPONDERS APPLICATIONS CONCLUSION

SATELLITE HISTORY 1> Object which has been placed into orbit by human endeavour. 2> World's first artificial satellite, the Sputnik 1, launched by the Soviet Union in 1957 3> It helped to identify the density of high atmospheric layers and provided data on radio-signal distribution in the ionosphere. 4> Ignited space race between Soviet Union and the United States. 5> Sputnik 2 was launched on November 3, 1957 and carried the first living passenger into orbit, a dog named Laika. 6> 6,578 satellites launched into orbit since 1957.

NEED OF SATELLITE 1> Two Stations on Earth want to communicate through radio broadcast but are too far away to use conventional means. 2> Two stations can use a satellite as a relay station for communication. 3> One Earth Station sends a transmission to the satellite. This is called a Uplink. 4> The satellite Transponder converts the signal and sends it down to the second earth station. This is called a Downlink.

TYPES OF SATELLITE AND APPLICATION SATELITES BASED UPON ALTITUDE: LEO (Low Earth Orbit ) MEO (Medium Earth Orbit ) GEO (Geostationary Earth Orbit) SATELLITES ARE USED FOR A LARGE NUMBER OF PURPOSES: military and civilian Earth observation satellites communications satellites navigation satellites weather satellites and research satellites.

BASIC BLOCKS transponder BSIC COMMUNICATION SATELLITE COMPONENTS

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