Joint position dependence of weakness during maximum isometric voluntary contractions in subjects with hemiparesis 1  Terry K. Koo, PhD, Arthur F. Mak,

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Joint position dependence of weakness during maximum isometric voluntary contractions in subjects with hemiparesis 1  Terry K. Koo, PhD, Arthur F. Mak, PhD, L.K. Hung, MD, Julius P. Dewald, PhD  Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation  Volume 84, Issue 9, Pages 1380-1386 (September 2003) DOI: 10.1016/S0003-9993(03)00238-7

Fig 1 Comparison of the ensemble means of (A) the MIVF torque and (B) the MIVE torque between the control (×) and hemiparetic (•) groups at 8 different elbow positions. The error bar represents 1 standard deviation (SD). Similar trends between the control and hemiparetic groups were noted for both directions, except that significant weakness was noted in the hemiparetic group. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2003 84, 1380-1386DOI: (10.1016/S0003-9993(03)00238-7)

Fig 2 Comparison of the ensemble means of (A) the normalized MIVF torque and (B) the normalized MIVE torque between the control (×) and hemiparetic (•) groups at 8 different elbow positions. For each subject, the peak torques measured at each position were normalized by the corresponding maximum torque among the tested positions. The error bar represents 1 SD. Note the increased variance in the hemiparetic group. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2003 84, 1380-1386DOI: (10.1016/S0003-9993(03)00238-7)

Fig 3 Ensemble means of the normalized mEMG of the biceps brachii (BIC), the brachioradialis (BRD), the medial head of triceps (MHT), the lateral head of triceps (LatHT), and the long head of triceps (LNGT) for the MIVF at 8 different joint positions for (A) the control group and (B) the hemiparetic group. The mEMG values were normalized by the corresponding maximum mEMG among the joint positions. For the sake of clarity, SDs are not shown. Abbreviation: EMG, electromyographic signal. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2003 84, 1380-1386DOI: (10.1016/S0003-9993(03)00238-7)

Fig 4 Ensemble means of the normalized mEMG of the biceps brachii, the brachioradialis, the medial head of triceps, the lateral head of triceps, and the long head of triceps for the maximum isometric voluntary extension at 8 different joint positions for (A) the control group and (B) the hemiparetic group. The mEMG values were normalized by the corresponding maximum mEMG among the joint positions. For the sake of clarity, SDs are not shown. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2003 84, 1380-1386DOI: (10.1016/S0003-9993(03)00238-7)