KHA and response. KHA and response. KHA includes AKI history, BP, CKD, serum Creatinine level, Drug list, and urine Dipstick (ABCD). Exposures include.

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KHA and response. KHA and response. KHA includes AKI history, BP, CKD, serum Creatinine level, Drug list, and urine Dipstick (ABCD). Exposures include Nephrotoxic Medications, Imaging, Surgery, Sickness (NISS). KHR (4Ms) that encompasses Medication review to withhold unnecessary medications (e.g., nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs [16,17]), the Minimization of nephrotoxic exposures (e.g., intravenous contrast [18]), Messaging the healthcare team and patient to alert the high risk of AKI, and Monitoring for AKI and its consequences. Reprinted from Acute disease quality initiative (ADQI) (12), with permission. Kianoush Kashani et al. CJASN doi:10.2215/CJN.01250119 ©2019 by American Society of Nephrology