IFN-α Is Effective for Treatment of Minimal Residual Disease in Patients with Acute Leukemia after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation:

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IFN-α Is Effective for Treatment of Minimal Residual Disease in Patients with Acute Leukemia after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: Results of a Registry Study Xiao-Dong Mo, Xiao-Hui Zhang, Lan-Ping Xu, Yu Wang, Chen-Hua Yan, Huan Chen, Yu-Hong Chen, Wei Han, Feng-Rong Wang, Jing- Zhi Wang, Kai-Yan Liu, Xiao-Jun Huang Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation Volume 23, Issue 8, Pages 1303-1310 (August 2017) DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2017.04.023 Copyright © 2017 The American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Diagram of patients enrolled. MRD-directed DLI was the first choice for patients in MRDco+ group, and those who could not receive DLI because of patient refusal received IFN-α treatment. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 2017 23, 1303-1310DOI: (10.1016/j.bbmt.2017.04.023) Copyright © 2017 The American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Cumulative incidence of (A) NRM (4.3%) and (B) RM (6.8%) at 2 years after MRD-directed IFN-α treatment. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 2017 23, 1303-1310DOI: (10.1016/j.bbmt.2017.04.023) Copyright © 2017 The American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Cumulative incidence of relapse at 2 years after MRD-directed IFN-α treatment and according to (A) MRD status before allo-HSCT (23.2% versus 5.6%, P = .010), (B) MRD status before IFN-α treatment (12.1% versus 11.1%, P = .809), and (C) MRD status after IFN-α treatment (23.1% versus 6.2%, P = .003). Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 2017 23, 1303-1310DOI: (10.1016/j.bbmt.2017.04.023) Copyright © 2017 The American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 Probabilities of DFS at 2 years after MRD-directed IFN-α treatment and according to (A) MRD status before allo-HSCT (68.0% versus 89.6%, P = .006), (B) MRD status before IFN-α treatment (81.1% versus 86.5%, P = .726), and (C) MRD status after IFN-α treatment (.0% versus 88.0%, P = .001). Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 2017 23, 1303-1310DOI: (10.1016/j.bbmt.2017.04.023) Copyright © 2017 The American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Terms and Conditions

Figure 5 Probabilities of OS at 2 years after MRD-directed IFN-α treatment and according to (A) MRD status before allo-HSCT (83.9% versus 89.6%, P = .380), (B) MRD status before IFN-α treatment (87.4% versus 87.4%, P = .931), and (C) MRD status after IFN-α treatment (47.2% versus 91.8%, P = .002). Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 2017 23, 1303-1310DOI: (10.1016/j.bbmt.2017.04.023) Copyright © 2017 The American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Terms and Conditions

Figure 6 (A) Relapse, (B) DFS, and (C) OS at 2 years after allo-HSCT in MRD-positive patients who received IFN-α treatment and those who did not receive intervention. Cumulative incidences at 2 years after allo-HSCT with 95% confidence interval are shown. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 2017 23, 1303-1310DOI: (10.1016/j.bbmt.2017.04.023) Copyright © 2017 The American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Terms and Conditions