Chapter 6 Staying Healthy

What are the elements of fitness?

Elements of Physical Fitness Cardiorespiratory endurance: moderate strenuous activity w/out overtaxing heart /lungs Muscular strength: ability to exert force in a single try Muscular endurance: repeat movements/hold a position w/out tiring Flexibility: move joints through full range of motion Body composition: proportion of body made of muscle compared w/fat

Types of Exercise Aerobic exercise: improves cardiorespiratory endurance and body composition. Weight training improves muscle tone, bone density, and appearance. Calisthenics improve muscle endurance. Yoga enhances flexibility. Sports are a fun way to get fit.

Getting Enough Rest Eating well, exercising, rest=good health Do you get enough sleep? What helps you sleep? Follow a regular sleep schedule every day. Exercise regularly. Avoid caffeine after midday. Do something relaxing at bedtime. Avoid alcohol before bed. If you can’t sleep, don’t worry about it. Get up and do something until you’re sleepy.

Drug Abuse Alcohol use becomes a problem if it interferes with a person’s functioning. Alcohol abuse can have severe negative effects on health, safety, and happiness. Nicotine is highly addictive. Smoking is a major cause of premature death and can affect the health not only of smokers but also of those around them.

Drug Abuse Marijuana interferes with memory and learning, can cause respiratory problems, and affects coordination and reaction time. Cocaine can trigger panic, depression, anxiety, and paranoia. It is highly addictive. Methamphetamines are extremely addictive and can cause psychosis and delusions.

Drug Abuse Club drugs such as Ecstasy, GHB, and Ketamine produce a range of ill effects. Steroids, used by some athletes to improve performance, are as addictive as alcohol or nicotine and have adverse side effects. Heroin is physically addictive. Overdoses are deadly. Users are at risk for HIV from shared needles.