Earth, Sun, and Moon Patterns (37A) Rotation: circular movement of an object about a point in space Revolution: the movement of an object moving around an object Eclipse: astronomical event that occurs when an astronomical object is temporarily hidden by passing into the shadow of another body Season: the four divisions of the year marked by weather patterns, resulting from the Earth's changing position to the sun.

The Earth rotates on its axis on a 23 The Earth rotates on its axis on a 23.5 degree tilt as it revolves around the sun. Quickwrite question: How does the Earth’s orbit around the Sun result in seasons? Use the vocabulary from the previous page in your answer.

The Earth rotates on its axis on a 23 The Earth rotates on its axis on a 23.5 degree tilt as it revolves around the sun. The tilt + the revolution results in seasons. Summer: The Earth’s axis points the southern or northern hemisphere to the sun, giving that hemisphere MORE sunlight. Winter: The axis points the N. or S. hemisphere away from the sun, which gives that hemisphere LESS sunlight. Spring and Fall: The axis doesn’t point toward or away from the Sun, giving each hemisphere equal amounts of sunlight.

Earth, Sun, and Moon Patterns Recap Yesterday: Rotation: circular movement of an object about a point in space Revolution: the movement of an object moving around an object Season: the four divisions of the year marked by weather patterns, resulting from the Earth's changing position to the sun. Today: Eclipse: astronomical event that occurs when an astronomical object is temporarily hidden by passing into the shadow of another body. Tomorrow: Lunar cycle: 29 day cycle in which the moon’s appearance changes according to its orbit around the Earth.

Identify the seasons in the SOUTHERN hemisphere Identify the seasons in the SOUTHERN hemisphere. Why can we predict when each season will occur?

Spring Summer Winter Fall

(Hint: it needs the moon.) What phenomenon (other than day/night and seasons) occurs because of this system? (Hint: it needs the moon.)

Solar Eclipse: the moon moves directly between the sun and the Earth  shadow of moon falls on Earth. Lunar Eclipse: The moon moves into the Earth’s shadow  moon temporarily “disappears.” Eclipses (as well as day/night and seasons) are predictable because the Earth, sun, and moon system all follow a pattern of motion!!!

Draw the picture in your notebook. Where does the moon have to be to have a solar eclipse? Lunar eclipse? Lunar: Position Z; Solar: Position X

Lunar cycle (Page 39A): 29 day cycle in which the moon’s appearance changes according to its orbit around the Earth.

Phase 1: New Moon (Day 0/29) The lunar cycle has 8 phases. The first phase, new moon, occurs when the Moon is between the Sun and Earth.

Phase 2: Waxing (growing) Crescent (Day 4) The right edge of the moon is lit up in a crescent as the moon travels eastward.

Phase 3: First Quarter (Day 7) The moon is exactly half-lit and is 1/4 through the lunar cycle.

Phase 4: Waxing Gibbous Moon (Day 10) 2/3 of the right side of moon is lit.

Phase 5: Full Moon (Day 14) The face of the moon is completely lit. Question: Why doesn’t a solar eclipse occur with every new moon?

Phase 6: Waning Gibbous (Day 18) The light on the Moon begins to wane (grow thinner). The light is now at the left side.

Phase 7: Third Quarter (Day 22) The Moon is once again half-lit, although the light is now on its left side.

Phase 8: Waning Crescent (Day 26) The Moon appears as a crescent before it becomes a new moon again.

Draw the picture in your notebook. Your Viewpoint Name the lunar phases.

Position X=New Moon Position Y=First Quarter Position Z=Full Moon Position W=Third Quarter