Lamotrigine improves cerebral outcome after hypothermic circulatory arrest: A study in a chronic porcine model Vesa Anttila, MDa, Jussi Rimpiläinen,

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Lamotrigine improves cerebral outcome after hypothermic circulatory arrest: A study in a chronic porcine model Vesa Anttila, MDa, Jussi Rimpiläinen, MDa, Matti Pokela, MSa, Kai Kiviluoma, MD, PhDb, Minna Mäkiranta, MScc, Ville Jäntti, MD, PhDc, Vilho Vainionpää, MD, PhDb, Jorma Hirvonen, MD, PhDd, Tatu Juvonen, MD, PhDa The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Volume 120, Issue 2, Pages 247-255 (August 2000) DOI: 10.1067/mtc.2000.106834 Copyright © 2000 American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 Medians with IQRs of total EEG burst ratios (relative to baseline) of 16 pigs undergoing either lamotrigine or placebo administration before a 75-minute period of HCA. EEG bursts recovered significantly better in the lamotrigine group 4 hours after the start of rewarming than in the placebo group (P <.05). The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2000 120, 247-255DOI: (10.1067/mtc.2000.106834) Copyright © 2000 American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 Daily scores indicating behavioral recovery after interventions. A score of 8 or 9 indicates essentially complete recovery, lower scores indicate substantial impairment, and 0 indicates coma or death. Behavioral scores on day 7 after the operation among the surviving animals showed a significant difference between the groups (P =.02). The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2000 120, 247-255DOI: (10.1067/mtc.2000.106834) Copyright © 2000 American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig. 3 Total histopathologic scores among 16 pigs undergoing either lamotrigine or placebo administration before a 75-minute period of HCA. The total histopathologic score was calculated by adding the quantitative assessment of histopathologic findings in the investigated regions of the brain for each of the animals. The scores in the lamotrigine group were lower than in the placebo group (P =.06). The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2000 120, 247-255DOI: (10.1067/mtc.2000.106834) Copyright © 2000 American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig. 4 S-100β levels of 16 pigs undergoing either lamotrigine or placebo administration before a 75-minute period of HCA. S-100β levels were lower in the lamotrigine group 20 hours after the start of rewarming (P =.01). Two hours after the start of rewarming, S-100β levels were higher than at baseline (P =.03). Values are shown as medians with IQRs. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2000 120, 247-255DOI: (10.1067/mtc.2000.106834) Copyright © 2000 American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions